基于出行概率矩阵的电动汽车充电站规划

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.L80131

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摘要电动汽车保有量的迅速增长需要更多快速充电站提供服务,本文提出一种基于城市路网特征和电动汽车出行概率矩阵的电动汽车充电站规划模型。首先基于城市道路拓扑结构和改进速度-流量关系模型模拟电动汽车行驶特征。在此基础上,通过构建电动汽车出行概率矩阵,采用蒙特卡洛方法预测电动汽车快充需求的时空分布。从便于用户友好充电的角度出发,以充电站建设运行成本和用户充电途中行驶成本最小为目标,基于出行概率矩阵建立了电动汽车充电站选址定容模型：采用Voronoi图划分充电站服务范围,通过改进粒子群算法确定充电站最优位置,利用排队论优化各充电站容量,得到统计意义上更为合理的结果。最后,以某市中心城区电动汽车充电站规划为例进行仿真分析,仿真结果表明所提模型和方法的可行性和有效性。

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	姜欣
	冯永涛
	熊虎
	王金凤
	曾庆山

关键词 ：电动汽车充电站规划, 出行概率矩阵, 时空分布, Voronoi图, 排队论

Abstract：The rapid growth of electric vehicles requires more fast charging stations to provide service. This paper proposes a charging station planning model based on the characteristics of urban road network and electric vehicle travel probability matrix. Firstly, the driving characteristics of electric vehicles are simulated based on the topological structure of urban roads and improved speed-flow relationship model. On this basis, the Monte Carlo method is used to predict the spatial-temporal distribution of fast charging demands by constructing the electric vehicle travel probability matrix. From the perspective of user-friendly charging, based on comprehensive consideration of charging station construction costs and minimizing driving costs for drivers, a constant volume model for the location of electric vehicle charging stations is established based on the trip probability matrix; and the charging station service areas are divided by Voronoi diagram. The scope, through the improved particle swarm algorithm to determine the optimal location of the charging station, the use of queuing theory to optimize the capacity of each charging station, a statistically more reasonable result is obtained. Finally, a simulation analysis of an electric vehicle charging station planning in a downtown area has been conducted to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the model and method.

Key words： Electric vehicle charging station planning travel probability matrix spatial-temporal distribution Voronoi diagram queuing theory

收稿日期: 2018-07-11 出版日期: 2019-07-29

PACS:

TM715

基金资助:国家电网公司科技项目资助（SGZJ0000KXJS1800370）

通讯作者: 王跃,男,1972年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为大功率电能变换技术等。E-mail:wang124paper@163.com

作者简介: 姜欣,女,1991年生,博士,讲师,研究方向为电力系统规划与运行。E-mail:jiangxin@zzu.edu.cn

引用本文:

姜欣, 冯永涛, 熊虎, 王金凤, 曾庆山. 基于出行概率矩阵的电动汽车充电站规划[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(zk1): 272-281. Jiang Xin, Feng Yongtao, Xiong Hu, Wang Jinfeng, Zeng Qingshan. Electric Vehicle Charging Station Planning Based on Travel Probability Matrix. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(zk1): 272-281.

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