Isolated Grid Unit Commitment with Dynamic Frequency Constraint Considering Photovoltaic Power Plants Participating in Frequency Regulation
Ye Jing1,2, Lin Tao1,2, Zhang Lei3, Bi Ruyu1,2, Xu Xialing4
1. School of Electrical Engineering Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China; 2. Collabrative Innovation Center for High-Efficient of Solar Energy Wuhan 430077 China; 3. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China; 4. Central China Electric Power Dispatching and Communication Centre Wuhan 430077 China
Abstract：Isolated grid (IG) usually has small inertia constant and limited ability of primary frequency regulation. In addition, high penetration level of photovoltaic power plants (PV-PPS) integrated to IG will deteriorate system inertia and primary frequency regulation ability. To ensure the stability of frequency, unit commitment (UC) model considering dynamic frequency limit (DFL) was proposed in this paper, and PV-PPS were deloaded to participate in frequency regulation. Based on frequency response model with PV-PPS participating in frequency regulation, the expression of required minimum frequency regulation capacity of PV-PPS was deduced, which guided PV-PPS retain sufficient but not excessive capacity. Then, taken DFL into consideration, a UC model with frequency regulation capacity of PV-PPS was proposed. In order to avoid complex solving procedure, the optimization cut and benders cut were used for eliminating frequency limit/regulation capacity violations in iteration method. The results indicate that security and economy can be achieved by the proposed scheme.
叶婧, 林涛, 张磊, 毕如玉, 徐遐龄. 考虑动态频率约束的含高渗透率光伏电源的孤立电网机组组合[J]. 电工技术学报, 2017, 32(13): 194-202.
Ye Jing, Lin Tao, Zhang Lei, Bi Ruyu, Xu Xialing. Isolated Grid Unit Commitment with Dynamic Frequency Constraint Considering Photovoltaic Power Plants Participating in Frequency Regulation. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2017, 32(13): 194-202.
[1] 夏清, 钟海旺, 康重庆. 安全约束机组组合理论与应用的发展和展望[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2013, 33(16): 94-103. Xia Qing, Zhong Haiwang, Kang Chongqing. Review and prospects of the security constrained unit commitment theory and applications[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2013, 33(16): 94-103. [2] Xu Y, Dong Z Y, Zhang R, et al. A decomposition- based practical approach to transient stability- constrained unit commitment[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2015, 30(3): 1455-1464. [3] Egido I, Fernandez-Bernal F, Centeno P, et al. Maximum frequency deviation calculation in small isolated power systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2009, 24(4): 1731-1738. [4] Rahmann C, Castillo A. Fast frequency response capability of photovoltaic power plants: the necessity of new grid requirements and definitions[J]. Energies, 2014, 7(10): 6306-6322. [5] Delille G, Francois B, Malarange G. Dynamic frequency control support by energy storage to reduce the impact of wind and solar generation on isolated power system's inertia[J]. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 2012, 3(4): 931-939. [6] Chavez H, Baldick R, Sharma S. Governor rate- constrained OPF for primary frequency control adequacy[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2014, 29(3): 1473-1480. [7] Restrepo J F, Galiana F D. Unit commitment with primary frequency regulation constraints[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2005, 20(4): 1836- 1842. [8] 刘云, 卢泽汉, 章雷其, 等. 光伏发电系统与可投切负荷协调控制策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2013, 37(13): 10-16. Liu Yun, Lu Zehan, Zhang Leiqi, et al. A coordinated control strategy for photovoltaic systems and controllable loads[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2013, 37(13): 10-16. [9] Craciun B I, Kerekes T, Sera D, et al. Frequency support functions in large PV power plants with active power reserves[J]. IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, 2014, 2(4): 849-858. [10] 黄际元, 李欣然, 曹一家, 等. 考虑储能参与快速调频动作时机与深度的容量配置方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2015, 30(12): 454-464. Huang Jiyuan, Li Xinran, Cao Yijia,et al. Capacity allocation of energy storage system considering its action moment and output depth in rapid frequency regulation[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2015, 30(12): 454-464. [11] 丁冬, 刘宗歧, 杨水丽, 等. 基于模糊控制的电池储能系统辅助AGC调频方法[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2015, 43(8): 81-87. Ding Dong, Liu Zongqi, Yang Shuili, et al. Battery energy storage aid automatic generation control for load frequency control based on fuzzy control[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2015, 43(8): 81-87. [12] Anderson P M, Mirheydar M. A low-order system frequency response model[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 1990, 5(3): 720-729. [13] 张军, 许晓艳, 黄永宁, 等. 基于时序生产模拟仿真的宁夏电网风光优化配比研究[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2014, 42(19): 81-86. Zhang Jun, Xu Xiaoyan, Huang Yongning, et al. Optimal proportion study of wind and PV capacity in Ningxia power grid based on time sequence simulation[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2014, 42(19): 81-86. [14] 李本新, 韩学山. 发输电检修与机组组合联合决策的Benders分解法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2015, 30(3): 224-231. Li Benxin, Han Xueshan. Benders decomposition algorithm to coordination of generation and trans- mission maintenance scheduling with unit com- mitment[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2015, 30(3): 224-231. [15] 文晶, 刘文颖, 谢昶, 等. 计及风电消纳效益的电力系统源荷协调二层优化模型[J]. 电工技术学报, 2015, 30(8): 247-256. Wen Jing, Liu Wenying, Xie Chang, et al. Source- load coordination optimal model considering wind power consumptive benefits based on bi-level pro- gramming[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2015, 30(8): 247-256. [16] 樊艳芳, 钟显, 常喜强, 等. 频率的时空分布对低频减载的影响研究[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2015, 43(1): 55-60. Fan Yanfang, Zhong Xian, Chang Xiqiang, et al. Research of the UFLS under the frequency characteristics of temporal and spatial distribution[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2015, 43(1): 55-60. [17] Carrión M, Arroyo J M. A computationally efficient mixed-integer linear formulation for the thermal unit commitment problem[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2006, 21(3): 1371-1378. [18] 赵渊, 吴小平, 谢开贵. 基于频率动态特性的电力系统频率失稳概率评估[J]. 电工技术学报, 2012, 27(5): 212-220. Zhao Yuan, Wu Xiaoping, Xie Kaigui. Probabilistic assessment for frequency instability of power system based on frequency dynamic characteristic[J]. Transa- ctions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2012, 27(5): 212-220.
2017, Vol. 32 
