模拟分析环境因素对小型太阳能发电系统运行特性的影响

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摘要以小型独立太阳能发电系统为例, 采用分段函数模型, 分别以随机光照、温度作为环境影响因素, 分析研究了在光伏电池板周围环境变化的情况下, 整个系统运行特性所受到的影响。文中通过改变环境参量模型的输入参数, 得到云层遮挡、天气频繁变化等环境条件, 同时观察太阳能电池板技术参数、蓄电池充电、系统输出功率的变化情况。结果表明：在光照曲线受到环境因素影响的条件下, 蓄电池的充电过程产生明显变化, 当光强稳定增加时, 其充电曲线平滑, 充电时间短；当光照强度不足时, 造成其充电电流不稳, 导致充电时间增加。随天气条件频繁变化, 系统的输出功率产生波动, 光照强度较大时, 系统对最大功率追踪准确。

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关键词 ：环境条件, 太阳能发电系统, 太阳能电池板, 最大功率追踪, 蓄电池

Abstract：It is necessary to analyze the influence of environmental factors on the stand-alone PV generation system. This paper presents a weather condition model including irradiation and temperature in terms of the partition function model. Operational characteristic of PV system were obtain by varying input parameters based on different weather conditions such as cloud layer shadow and frequently changing weather. Moreover, the paper also analyzed the PV array technical parameters, the battery charging process and the system output power. Simulation results show that the open-circuit voltage and the short-circuit current have a linear increase with the increasing of irradiation while the latter’s changing rate is higher than the former’s obviously. Considering the influence of environmental factors on irradiation intensity, the battery charging process changes dramatically. When irradiation intensity increased stably, charging process is smooth and the charging time is short, and vice versa. With the weather conditions change frequently, system's output has a fluctuation; when the irradiation is high, the MPPT is accurate.

Key words： Environmental conditions PV power system PV arrays maximum power point tracking (MPPT) lead-acid battery

收稿日期: 2010-01-20 出版日期: 2014-03-04

PACS:

TM615

基金资助:国家“十一五”科技支撑计划(2006BAJ04B03), 教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-08-0543)和教育部科学技术重点研究(109017)资助项目

作者简介: 任航男, 1982年生, 硕士研究生, 目前从事新能源发电方面的研究工作。叶林男, 1968年生, 教授, 博士生导师, 长期从事电力系统自动化、新能源发电与超导电力应用的科研和教学工作。

引用本文:

任航, 叶林. 模拟分析环境因素对小型太阳能发电系统运行特性的影响[J]. 电工技术学报, 2010, 25(10): 158-165. Ren Hang, Ye Lin. Operation Characteristics of PV System Under the Influence of Environmental Factors. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2010, 25(10): 158-165.

链接本文:

http://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y2010/V25/I10/158

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