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| LCC-S Compensated Inductive Power Transfer System Against Misalignment with a Clamp Circuit |
| Zhang Binshan1,2, Zhang Zeheng1,2, Yang Bin1,2, Mai Ruikun1,2, Chen Yang1,2 |
1. Key Laboratory of Magnetic Suspension Technology and Maglev Vehicle Ministry of Education Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 611756 China;
2. School of Electrical Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 611756 China |
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Abstract Inductive power transfer (IPT) technology delivers power through electromagnetic induction between the coupled coils without physical contact. However, the misalignment between coils is often unavoidable in applications, and the coupling variation caused by the misalignment can cause the instability of the IPT system. Therefore, ensuring output stability has become one of the main problems in the application and development of IPT technology. Topology design solutions are favored because of their simplicity and reliability. Topology design solutions include mixed topology, detuning topology, and reconfigurable topology. The reconfigurable topology solution needs to apply active switching devices, the detection module, and the communication module, causing higher costs and lower reliability. Based on the idea of mode switching, this paper proposes a novel detuning IPT system with a clamp circuit to enhance the anti-misalignment ability of the system. Compared with the traditional multi-mode IPT system, the clamp circuit in the system can be switched on or off adaptively according to the coupling variation to adjust the system mode and achieve nearly constant power output without auxiliary equipment, such as coupling identification, output detection, and feedback com- munication.
First, according to the characteristics of unidirectional conduction and discontinuous/continuous of the clamp circuit, the proposed system has multi-mode characteristics, and the corresponding system output power curves of different modes are different. The working principle and power output characteristics of the IPT system with or without the clamp circuit activation are derived and analyzed, and the expressions of the system power output curve with or without the clamp circuit activation are given. Feasible splicing methods are proposed based on the corresponding output power curves of different system modes.
Then, by analyzing the function of each topology structure of the proposed IPT system and the output power curve of the system under different working modes, reasonable constraint conditions are provided for the parametric design of the system. The feasible parametric design process method is obtained. At the same time, this paper provides a set of methods to judge the system mode according to the time domain analysis method to ensure the accuracy of the switching point, and also gives a design case. By subinterval analysis method, the output characteristics of the IPT converter under the PN and PON modes are analyzed, and the currents of the clamp circuit in different modes are calculated to verify if the clamp circuit is activated.
A 500 W experimental prototype is built, and the changes in output power and efficiency during coupling variation are measured. Experimental results show that when the coupling coefficient changes during 0.205~0.42, the output power of the proposed system fluctuates between 470~505 W, the maximum output power fluctuation is 35 W, the output power fluctuation rate is less than 3.6%, and the efficiency changes between 90.21% and 83.29%.
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Received: 03 March 2023
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2024, Vol. 39 
