弧后非平衡态SF6与C4F7N等离子体的热动属性及输运系数

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.241486

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Abstract Switching arcs typically exhibit a strong non-equilibrium state at the critical moment of current interruption in the post-arc current zero region, which subsequently affects the current interruption performance of high-voltage switchgear. However, current research on switching arcs predominantly relies on the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE), making it challenging to accurately describe the post-arc decay process. To address this issue, this study investigates the non-equilibrium thermodynamic properties and transport coefficients of SF₆ and C₄F₇N in the post-arc state. It compares the physical characteristics of the arc decay process of C₄F₇N under high-pressure conditions with those of SF₆, providing fundamental parameters for the non-equilibrium arc modeling of both gases.
Firstly, the two-temperature partition functions were calculated, and a model for solving the composition of non-equilibrium plasma was established based on the two-temperature mass action law. Secondly, various thermodynamic properties of the non-equilibrium plasma were computed based on the 2-T composition and partition functions. Finally, using the computed data, a system for solving the transport coefficients of non-equilibrium plasma was established based on the 2-T Chapman-Enskog theory. Through these computations, this work investigated the effects of non-equilibrium conditions on the composition and thermophysical parameters, and compared the differences in the impact of pressure and non-equilibrium conditions.
The computational data for post-arc non-equilibrium SF₆ and C₄F₇N plasmas indicate that, due to the first ionization energy of sulfur atoms (10.36 eV) being lower than that of fluorine atoms (17.42 eV), sulfur in the SF₆ plasma will undergo significant ionization preferentially over fluorine at 6 000 K under the LTE assumption. However, in a plasma with a non-equilibrium degree (θ=T_e/T_h) of 4, fluorine atom ionization will dominate over sulfur near an electron temperature of 8 700 K; a similar phenomenon occurs in C₄F₇N. Additionally, the significant dissociation temperature of polyatomic particles in the non-equilibrium C₄F₇N plasma increases from 11 000 K to over 22 000 K, which is significantly higher than the 16 000 K observed in SF₆ under the same conditions. Under conditions of θ=16~20, the mass density of non-equilibrium C₄F₇N can exceed that of SF₆ by more than tenfold, indicating that the thermodynamic properties are significantly influenced by the non-equilibrium state. The impact of θ=2 on the electrical conductivity of C₄F₇N plasma is approximately equivalent to that of θ=5 on SF₆, suggesting that the transport coefficients are primarily determined by the plasma composition and the intensity of interactions between particles. Therefore, complex large molecules are more sensitive to the influence of non-equilibrium conditions.
The analysis of the computational data leads to the following conclusions: (1) The established non-equilibrium computational model yields results under LTE conditions that are generally consistent with other published data. Due to the complexity of C₄F₇N molecules, the effects of non-equilibrium phenomena are more pronounced in C₄F₇N compared to SF₆. (2) The thermodynamic properties of non-equilibrium plasmas differ significantly from those under the LTE assumption, using the ρc_p parameter under non-equilibrium conditions provides a more accurate assessment of the arc-extinguishing performance of gases. (3) Non-equilibrium conditions simultaneously alter the plasma's particle composition and collision intensity, resulting in complex nonlinear variations in transport properties as the degree of non-equilibrium changes. (4) Both increased pressure and higher degrees of non-equilibrium suppress chemical reactions; however, the difference lies in their impact on particle number density and particle energy.

Key words： Switching arc non-equilibrium plasma SF₆ C₄F₇N thermodynamic properties transport coefficients

Received: 23 August 2024

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TM561

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	Wang Guanyu
	Zhang Boya
	Liu Wei
	Wang Wen
	Li Xingwen

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Wang Guanyu,Zhang Boya,Liu Wei等. Thermodynamic Properties and Transport Coefficients of Post-Arc Nonequilibrium SF₆ and C₄F₇N Plasmas[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2025, 40(17): 5626-5641.

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