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| Infrared Temperature Rise Behavior and Characteristic Analysis of Composite Insulators with Different Aging Degrees under Variable Humidity Conditions |
| Cao Wen1, Yang Te1, Shen Wei2, Li Zhentao3, Cui Junjie1 |
1. School of Electronics and Information Xi'an Polytechnic University Xi'an 710048 China;
2. Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Company Limited Xi'an 710100 China;
3. Shanghai Robestec Energy Co. Ltd Shanghai 201306 China |
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Abstract In the process of long-term operation, composite insulators are subjected to electrical, mechanical and environmental stresses, leading to aging phenomenon, such as cracks, powdering, hydrophobicity reducing et al., which may affect electrical performance and cause safety accidents. As the aging process of composite insulator is accompanied by abnormal heating, the infrared detection, as an effective online detection method, can detect these abnormal heating phenomena timely. Previous studies have shown that there is a significant association between aging degree and heating characteristics, and environmental humidity can also affect fever conditions. However, most of the current studies did not perform a classification analysis of composite insulators with different degrees of natural aging. Therefore, this study focuses on analyzing the heating characteristics of composite insulators with different natural aging degrees under different humidity conditions, and exploring the joint effects of environmental humidity and aging degree on the heating characteristics.
In this study, with 47 retired composite insulators in Northwest China, classified into mild, moderate, and severe aging degrees based on relevant standards, and their aging status was evaluated by physicochemical characteristics. All samples were tested for physicochemical characteristics, but only the results of three representative samples were shown in this paper, in order to highlight the characteristic differences across aging stages. To analyze temperature rise in composite insulators under different humidity conditions and enhance the accuracy of infrared detection, an artificial climate chamber with adjustable temperature and humidity was established to simulate the operational conditions of 110 kV line insulators. The infrared temperature rise behavior of the composite insulator string was analyzed by varying environmental humidity.
The infrared detection results showed that mild aging insulators displayed uniform color, with a temperature rise lower than 0.5 K in both high and low humidity environments. The moderately aged insulators exhibited continuous segment heating, primarily at the end of the sheath between hardware components, with a temperature rise affected by humidity; the rise was within 1 K at low humidity and increased but remained below 4 K at high humidity. Severely aged insulators showed continuous segment heating across three or more sheaths and abnormal heating in non-end areas, with temperature rises exceeding 10 K in both humidity environments. Statistical analysis revealed that as environmental humidity increased, temperature rise dispersion in composite insulators significantly increased, with the relationship between mild and moderate temperature rise dispersion and humidity describable by an exponential model, demonstrating high goodness of fit.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the test results and data analysis: (1) Insulators with different aging degrees show significant differences in infrared image and temperature rise characteristics, and heat amplitude has a positive correlation between and environment humidity and aging degree. (2) Analysis of the temperature rise characteristics of composite insulators under different humidity conditions can reveal the regularity of their aging state, which can provide references for optimizing the detection method and improving the accurate and efficient detection, and provide the possibility for the aging state evaluation of insulators.
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Received: 12 September 2024
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2025, Vol. 40 
