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| Research on the Temperature Rise Characteristics of Induction Motors with Stator Inter-Turn Fault |
| Chen Peng, Xie Ying, Li Daolu |
| School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering Harbin University of Science and Technology Harbin 150080 China |
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Abstract The induction motor is the most common AC motor type in industrial applications. Due to its complex working conditions, various stator, rotor, or bearing faults will occur. According to statistics, the inter-turn fault (ITF) accounts for about 26%~36% of the total motor fault. After the fault occurs, it will cause changes in the magnetic field, thermal field, vibration, and motor noise. Besides, the overheating problem caused by the fault will accelerate the deterioration of winding insulation and deepen the fault degree. Recently, the research focused on the thermal characteristics caused by ITF, which has achieved good results in temperature detection, fault identification, modeling, and simulation. However, there are still areas for improvement in many research methods. Therefore, the transient thermal field simulation and temperature rise (TR) experiment are adopted to analyze the temporal-spatial characteristics of motor thermal field distribution and the differences in winding temperature before and after the fault. In addition, the thermal characteristics related to the fault can be summarized.
Firstly, the 3D transient simulation model of the motor is established after reasonable equivalence. The motor loss values under no-load, light load, and rated load conditions before and after the fault are used as the heat source, and the whole domain thermal field distribution of the normal and faulty motor under different conditions is obtained by simulation. Secondly, the thermistors are embedded at several key temperature measuring points inside the prototype to carry out the TR experiment of the motor under various working conditions. Also, the results of TR experiments verify the simulation accuracy. Finally, according to the simulation and measured temperature results, three TR characteristics caused by ITF are summarized, and a fault diagnosis method based on the winding temperature difference is proposed.
The simulation and experimental results show that ITF will cause three characteristics of the motor TR: time, space, and winding temperature difference. As the heat generation rate of each part of the faulty motor changes greatly, the TR time of the four critica positions of the motor after the fault is shortened by 97.6%, 38.9%, 34.3%, and 37.0%, respectively, compared with the normal time, and the TR of each part will rise significantly, especially in the faulty slot. In addition, the spatial temperature distribution after the fault is uneven due to the differences in the circumferential heat dissipation conditions of the motor and the heat generation of each component after the fault. The temperature difference characteristics of winding are the most obvious in the temperature variation of each motor component caused by faults. By analyzing the temperature data of winding at different times, a fault diagnosis method using the variance value of winding temperature is proposed. The results show that the data with the variance value as the characteristic quantity after the fault is more than 20 times larger than the normal one, which indicates that the method can diagnose faults under different load conditions.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the comprehensive analysis of the research results: (1) ITF will cause the differential distribution of the transient and steady thermal field of the motor, and the above characteristics are most obvious in the winding temperature difference. (2) The variation trend of temperature characteristics of motor winding under different working conditions is approximately the same. The faulty slot winding shows the transient characteristics of TR with drastic changes. In addition, the temperature distribution among windings also changes from almost the same at the normal time to a considerable difference after the fault. (3) The TR characteristics of the motor change obviously after ITF. The winding temperature monitoring and variance analysis method proposed in this paper can effectively diagnose the fault from the perspective of the thermal field.
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Received: 16 June 2022
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2023, Vol. 38 
