基于双正交DD-双组合式螺线管的强抗偏移性无人机无线电能传输系统

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.242249

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Abstract With the widespread deployment of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in environmental monitoring, logistics, and disaster relief, the limitations of conventional lithium battery power, such as endurance constraints and payload restrictions, have become increasingly pronounced. Although fuel-powered and solar charging solutions have been proposed, their low energy density and conversion efficiency fail to meet the demands of long-duration operations. Magnetic resonance-based wireless power transfer (WPT) offers a promising alternative; however, coil misalignment during UAV takeoff and landing leads to significant efficiency degradation in existing systems. Current coupling mechanisms generally suffer from high magnetic leakage, strong mutual coupling between adjacent coils, and weak misalignment tolerance, necessitating innovative solutions.
To address these challenges, this study proposes a novel dual orthogonal DD-dual solenoid coil magnetic coupling mechanism that enhances misalignment tolerance by generating a rotating magnetic field. First, a three-dimensional electromagnetic model of the dual-channel coupling system is established, and the spatial magnetic field distribution of the orthogonal coil array is analyzed based on Maxwell's equations. The transmitter adopts a layered dual orthogonal DD coil architecture, generating a synthetic rotating magnetic field in three-dimensional space by controlling excitation currents with a 90° electrical phase difference. The receiver employs a diagonally arranged solenoid coil array that captures dynamic magnetic flux using a spatial flux directional compensation principle while eliminating mutual coupling between adjacent coils.
Furthermore, a time-varying mutual inductance optimization model is developed by integrating finite element simulation with intelligent algorithms, addressing spatial adaptability and dynamic stability in a phased manner. Spatial optimization involves discrete magnetic field sampling to analyze flux path variations at different misalignment positions, iteratively refining coil geometric parameters to expand the effective coupling region. Finally, a dual-channel compensation control strategy is implemented with a cascaded resonant network topology. The primary LCC compensation module utilizes impedance transformation to match the transmitter's dynamic load characteristics, achieving constant current output, while the secondary series compensation network integrates synchronous rectification to establish a load-adaptive voltage stabilization mechanism.
Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed coupling mechanism generates a uniform vertical magnetic field across four rectangular charging areas above the transmitter, forming a closed-loop magnetic flux at the coil center. Within a horizontal misalignment of ±100 mm, the output power of the system is kept above 240W, and the transmission efficiency is stable between 87.1% and 91.2%. Under ±30° rotational misalignment conditions, output power remains above 80% of the optimal value, with uninterrupted charging at any rotation angle. With the implementation of a dual LCC-S compensation topology, the control accuracy of the transmitter excitation current phase difference improves to within 0.8°, and the output voltage fluctuation remains below 2.1% under sudden load variations.
Simulation analysis yields the following conclusions: (1) The 90° phase-difference excitation of the orthogonal DD coils establishes a dynamic rotating magnetic field synthesis mechanism, fundamentally overcoming the severe efficiency drop observed in conventional static magnetic fields under misalignment conditions. (2) The solenoid coil array eliminates mutual coupling between adjacent coils through spatial flux directional compensation and a reverse-series topology while maintaining a magnetic flux capture efficiency of 92.3%. (3) The asymmetric parameter design of the dual-channel LCC-S compensation network, combined with a resonant point coordination mechanism, ensures that the transmitter maintains constant current excitation across the entire misalignment range, while the receiver achieves load-independent constant voltage output.

Key words： Wireless power transfer (WPT) unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) rotating magnetic field magnetic coupling mechanism anti-offset

Received: 11 December 2024

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TM724

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	Rong Cancan
	Duan Xiaoyu
	Chen Mengmeng
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Rong Cancan,Duan Xiaoyu,Chen Mengmeng等. A Robust Anti-Offset Wireless Power Transfer System for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Based on Dual-Orthogonal DD-Dual Combined Solenoid[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2026, 41(1): 46-59.

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https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.242249 OR https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/Y2026/V41/I1/46

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