基于损耗电流谐波特征分析的XLPE电缆局部尖刺缺陷诊断

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.230636

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Abstract The online diagnosis of local defects in cables is of significant importance for ensuring the power systems stable operation. Given its rich insulation information and compatibility with on-site detection requirements, the harmonic component of the loss current has been recognized as a highly promising detection method for achieving online monitoring and diagnosis. This article aims to explore the online diagnosis for cable local tip defects by analyzing the harmonic characteristics of the loss current
In order to investigate the XLPE nonlinear conductivity phenomenon under high electric fields, a simulation model based on the carrier transport process has been developed to analyze the spike defect loss current density. The concepts of the total harmonic distortion (THD), the harmonic contribution rate (H_n) and the conductivity distortion rate (CDR) are introduced to describe the frequency domain characteristics of the loss current and to quantitatively measure the fluctuation degree of conductivity, respectively.
To assess the defect severity influence on the harmonic characteristics of loss current density and the conductivity fluctuation, simulation analyses are performed under varying circumstances. The findings reveal that spike defects in XLPE lead to the presence of higher-order harmonic components in the loss current density, mainly the 3rd and 5th harmonics. The conductivity fluctuates synchronously with changes in power frequency voltage. Decreasing the curvature radius of the needle tip from 40 μm to 25 μm can result in 50.75%, 68.63% increase in THD and CDR, 18.63% decrease in H₃ (the contribution rate of the 3rd harmonic), and 15.62%, 6.42% increase in H₅ and H₇ (the contribution rate of the 5th and 7th harmonic). Reducing the electrode spacing from 4mm to 3mm leads to 57.39%, 83.46% increase in THD and CDR, 20.69% decrease in H₃, 14.41%, 6.42% increase in H₅ and H₇. Further analysis of the relationship between THD, CDR, and H_n indicates that the conductivity fluctuation causes the superposition of higher-order harmonic components. Specifically, The greater the fluctuation of conductivity over time, the higher the harmonics content, as well the proportion of 5th and 7th harmonic components.
To examine the harmonic characteristics of the actual XLPE insulation spike defect loss current, a detection platform has been established for spike defect samples. The loss current of three different sample specifications has been measured and analyzed, and the results have been compared with the simulation results. The analysis demonstrates the good consistency between the simulated and measured results regarding the harmonic components of the loss current under varying defect severity levels. Furthermore, the measured results indicate that as the defect severity increases, the contribution rate of the 3rd harmonic gradually decreases, while the contribution rates of the 5th and 7th harmonics gradually increase, which is consistent with the simulation results. The harmonic characteristics analysis of the loss current proves effective for diagnosing local spike defects in cables, with the harmonic composition closely linked to the morphology of sharp defects.
Based on comprehensive simulation and measurement studies on typical local sharp defects, the following main conclusions can be drawn: (1) The presence of a local spike defect in the cable leads to the existence of higher-order harmonics in the loss current, mainly the 3rd and 5th harmonics. (2) THD, as a diagnostic feature, exhibits the clear correlation with defect severity and can serve as a quantifiable parameter for assessing the severity of cable defects. (3) Comparative analysis results indicate that the severity and morphology of spike defects affect the harmonic components in the loss current. Specifically, higher defect severity and sharper spike shapes result in lower proportion of the 3rd harmonic and higher proportion of 5th and 7th harmonic.

Key words： XLPE cable local sharp defects diagnosis loss current harmonic characteristics

Received: 08 May 2023

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	Zhao Yan
	Zheng Shusheng

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Zhao Yan,Zheng Shusheng. Diagnosis of XLPE Cable Local Tip Defects Based on Analysis of Harmonic Characteristics of Loss Current[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(21): 5725-5737.

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https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.230636 OR https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/Y2023/V38/I21/5725

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