高温阶梯式升压下等离子体处理纳米颗粒对环氧树脂复合材料的电荷动力学特性影响

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.221235

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Abstract The traditional pure epoxy is unable to meet the operation requirements at high electric field and temperature. Therefore, it is urgent to develop epoxy based composites with high electrical performance. The nanoparticles can significantly improve the insulating properties of nanocomposites with low content, whereas the agglomeration will occur as the doping of the nanoparticles increase. It will result in the space charge accumulation, electric field distortion, thereby causing insulation damage and threatening the safe operation of power devices. To improve the dispersion of the nanoparticles, plasma can improve the surface properties by introducing chemical groups. Therefore, the surface treatment of nano-alumina particles was carried out by plasma generated by dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) in this paper. The epoxy resin/alumina nanocomposites were subsequently prepared. The epoxy resin without particles was marked as "pure epoxy", the epoxy based composite filled with 10% nano-alumina was marked as "10% sample", and the epoxy resin filled with nano-alumina after plasma treatment was marked as "T-10% sample". The dispersion of nanoparticles in the composites before and after plasma treatment was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The space charge distributions of the samples were measured by an improved high-temperature space charge measurement system, the conductance current of the sample was measured by the three-electrode method. The space charge and electrical conductivity properties of epoxy resin and its composites were further analyzed by extracting characteristic parameters.
The results show that the cross-section of pure epoxy is smooth without obvious particles. However, obvious agglomerations are occurred in the 10% sample without plasma treatment. There is no obvious agglomeration in the samples prepared from the plasma-treated nano-alumina and the nano-alumina are uniformly dispersed in the epoxy resin. At 100℃, positive space charges are found in all three samples, whereas no positive space charges are appeared at room temperature after polarized for 5 400 s. At 100℃ and 60 MV/m, the initial charge amount of the 10% sample is significantly higher than that of other samples and the increase of the charge after polarization is the highest, whereas the charge amount of the T-10% sample is always the lowest and remain relatively stable. The electrical conductivity of the three samples did not significantly vary with the electric field and stay in one order of magnitude at the room temperature. The electrical conductivities of the three samples increased significantly at 100℃ compared with that at the room temperature. The conductivity of the 10% sample increased by nearly three orders of magnitude compared with that at room temperature at 60 MV/m. However, the T-10% sample always maintains the lowest conductivity. The apparent carrier mobility of the sample increases significantly at 100℃. The apparent carrier mobility of the pure epoxy and T-10% sample decreases slowly with the increase of electric field, whereas the apparent carrier mobility of 10% sample is high at 60 MV/m.
It is concluded that plasma treatment helps to suppress the agglomeration of high content of nano-alumina. Nanoparticles with better dispersion can effectively improve the injection threshold of space charge under high temperature and electric field. The nanocomposites prepared after plasma treatment can effectively suppress the space charge accumulation, electric field distortion and charge mobility under stepped boost at high temperature. The plasma-treated particles increase the charge injection threshold, reduce the carrier mobility and conducting activation energy of the epoxy resin based composites, thereby reducing the electrical conductivity of the composites. Finally, based on the results and analysis, the multi-core model of nanoparticles, and the Schottky equation, the effect mechanism of particles on the charge dynamics of epoxy resin with/without plasma treatment under stepped boost at high temperature is proposed.

Key words： High temperature stepped boost plasma treatment nanocomposites space charge conductivity

Received: 28 June 2022

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TM216

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	Dai Chao
	Zhu Guangyu
	Ding Man
	Chen Xiangrong

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Dai Chao,Zhu Guangyu,Ding Man等. Influence of Plasma Treated Nanoparticles on Charge Dynamics of Epoxy Based Nanocomposites under Stepped Boost at High Temperature[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(21): 5712-5724.

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https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.221235 OR https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/Y2023/V38/I21/5712

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