计及混合式抽蓄改造的清洁微网分布鲁棒容量优化配置

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.240571

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摘要

为了解决偏远地区的离网型系统供电可靠性问题,依托现有梯级水电改造混合式抽蓄成为一种有效手段,而变速抽蓄因其抽水能力可调使得相较于定速抽蓄更具运行灵活性。在此背景下,变速抽水蓄能改造梯级水电联合风光资源组成区域性100%清洁能源离网系统,可以在满足区域供电可靠性的前提下,促进水风光资源的消纳。基于此,构建了基于数据驱动的离网型抽水蓄能改造梯级水电联合配置风光资源的容量优化配置模型。首先,以等年值综合成本最小为目标,考虑水电-风电-光伏发电-抽水蓄能（水-风-光-蓄）系统运行、供电可靠性等约束,构建水-风-光-蓄多能互补的容量优化配置模型;然后,通过McCormick线性化方法,将原始混合整数非线性模型转化为混合整数线性优化模型。并且,为考虑负荷、风电、光伏与水电来水量的随机性,综合1-范数和∞-范数构建基于数据驱动的分布鲁棒优化模型,并采用列与约束生成算法进行求解验证模型的可行性。

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关键词 ：混合式抽蓄改造, 水-风-光-蓄, 供电可靠性, 分布鲁棒, 列与约束生成

Abstract：

To address the reliability issues of off-grid power systems in remote areas, retrofitting existing cascade hydropower with pumped storage has been regarded as a novel effective solution. The variable-speed pumped storage, due to its adjustable pumping capacity, is found to be more advantageous compared to fixed-speed systems. Consequently, the formation of a regional 100% clean energy off-grid system through the integration of variable-speed pumped storage with wind and photovoltaic re-sources is enabled. In this context, a data-driven capacity optimization model for off-grid cascaded hydro-wind-photovoltaic complementary system considering pumped-storage retrofitting is developed in this paper. Firstly, with the minimum comprehensive cost on an equivalent year as the objective, the optimal capacity configuration is achieved by considering the operation of the pumped-hydro-wind-photovoltaic system, power supply reliability, and various constraints. Secondly, using the McCormick linearization method, the original mixed-integer nonlinear model is transformed into a mixed-integer linear optimization model. Moreover, to handle uncertainties of load, wind, photo-voltaic, and inflow, a data-driven two-stage distributionally robust optimization configuration model for capacity optimization is presented based on both 1-norm and ∞-norm. The column and constraint generation (C&CG) algorithm is used to solve the proposed model. Finally, the feasibility is verified.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the simulation analysis: 1) With the scale-up of wind power and photovoltaic units, in order to better accommodate the curtailed electricity generated during system operation, the use of data-driven distributed robust optimization methods compared to traditional stochastic optimization methods can better integrate water, wind, and solar resources, reduce curtailment rates, and lower system operating costs. 2) The capacity optimization configuration model established in this paper has good operational performance in terms of accuracy and solution efficiency. It can make investment decisions by considering load demand curves and historical scenario data of wind and photovoltaic output, resulting in a slightly higher equivalent annual cost compared to traditional stochastic optimization methods but with lower conservatism. It can better consider the impact of extreme adverse scenarios on system power supply reliability, thus improving the reliability of off-grid systems. Additionally, considering the stochastic nature of wind and photovoltaic output scenarios, using a mixed norm instead of a single norm can improve accuracy. Moreover, using a parallelizable column and constraint generation algorithm for solving avoids dual transformation and bilinear term computations, leading to higher computational efficiency. 3) Due to the limited reservoir capacity and inadequate regulation capacity of existing cascade hydropower stations, a model for off-grid hybrid variable-speed pumped storage retrofit has been established in this paper. Compared to only adding wind and photovoltaic resources on top of cascade hydropower stations with limited regulation capacity, the retrofit with optimal capacity variable-speed pumped storage units significantly reduces curtailment rates during operation. This reflects a substantial improvement in the flexible regulation capacity of hybrid cascade hydropower after the variable-speed pumped storage retrofit, enabling better integration of wind and photovoltaic resources. 4) Furthermore, the optimization model constructed by retrofitting variable-speed pumped storage units into cascade hydropower stations used in this paper results in lower equivalent annual costs and more curtailed electricity absorption compared to using traditional fixed-speed pumped storage units, demonstrating stronger regulation effects.

Key words： Hybrid pumped storage retrofitting hydro-wind-photovoltaic-storage power supply reliability distributinally robust column and constraint generation

收稿日期: 2024-04-11

PACS:

TM732

通讯作者: 李杨, 男, 1992年生, 副教授, 博士, 硕士研究生导师, 研究方向为多能互补优化。E-mail：eeliyang@hhu.edu.cn

作者简介: 王海伦, 男, 2000年生, 硕士研究生, 研究方向为新能源优化配置。E-mail：221606030051@hhu.edu.cn

引用本文:

王海伦, 丁一凡, 李杨, 吴峰, 王子昭. 计及混合式抽蓄改造的清洁微网分布鲁棒容量优化配置[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 571-1. Wang Hailun, Ding Yifan, Li Yang, Wu Feng, Wang Zizhao. Distributionally robust capacity optimization for clean energy microgrid considering pumped-storage retrofitting. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 571-1.

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