抑制直流连续换相失败的可变速抽水蓄能机组协调控制策略

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.240395

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摘要

可变速抽水蓄能机组（VSPS）具有单机容量大、响应速度快等优势,可参与电网的暂态电压调节,并且在VSPS馈入传统直流受端电网时,VSPS的暂态调压能力可进一步用于抑制直流连续换相失败,然而目前国内外在该方面的研究尚处空白。因此,该文提出一种抑制直流连续换相失败的VSPS协调控制策略。该控制策略以受端换流母线电压为输入信号,作用于VSPS的无功外环;换相失败恢复期间,机组可基于母线电压跌落幅值决定无功补偿大小,改善换流器换相条件。同时,为保证VSPS在参与抑制直流连续换相失败时自身的稳定性,考虑最大转子电流和网侧换流器容量限制,该文给出了协调控制策略中定子侧与网侧换流器的无功分配方案。最后,基于PSCAD/EMTDC平台的仿真验证得到结论：该协调控制策略能够利用VSPS的暂态调压能力,有效抑制直流连续换相失败的发生,具有一定的工程指导价值。

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关键词 ：连续换相失败, 可变速抽水蓄能机组, 无功特性, 协调控制策略

Abstract：

With the further advancement of the construction of "double-high" power system, the continuous phase change failure problem caused by transient voltage at the line commutated converter based high voltage direct current (LCC-HVDC) receiving end has become an important risk factor threatening the safe and stable operation of the power grid. Variable speed pumped storage (VSPS) units have the advantages of large single-machine capacity and fast response speed, which can participate in the transient voltage regulation of the power grid. The transient voltage regulation capability of VSPS can be further used to suppress the LCC-HVDC continuous phase change failure when VSPS is fed into the LCC-HVDC receiving end grid, however, there is still a gap in the domestic and international research in this area.
Firstly, from the structural characteristics of LCC-HVDC receiving end containing VSPS, the risk of phase-change failure faced by receiving end system is explained. Secondly, based on the mechanism of VSPS to inhibit the occurrence of continuous phase-change failure, a coordinated control strategy of VSPS to inhibit the continuous phase-change failure of LCC-HVDC is proposed, which takes the voltage of receiving end converter bus as the input signal, and acts on the reactive power outer loop of VSPS.Then, the reactive power regulation capability of the unit under different operating conditions is analysed by theoretical derivation, and the reactive power allocation scheme for VSPS transient voltage regulation is formulated by considering the maximum rotor current and the capacity limitation of the converter on the grid side. Finally, the reasonableness of the reactive power allocation scheme and the validity of the coordinated control strategy are verified based on the electromagnetic transient model of the VSPS feeder to the LCC-HVDC receiving end.
The validation results show that under different fault times and different fault degrees, the VSPS can reduce the probability of LCC-HVDC continuous phase change failure under most operating conditions by putting in the coordinated control strategy proposed in this paper. At the same time. Priority allocation of reactive power to grid side converter (GSC) can reduce the rotor over current to a certain extent without affecting the transient voltage support effect, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the unit.
The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) The response time delay of the VSPS transient voltage regulation control is within the hundred milliseconds time scale, and for the LCC-HVDC continuous phase change failure fault it can function before the second dip of the bus voltage, which meets the response time requirement for suppressing the continuous phase change failure. (2) Both the stator side of the VSPS and the GSC have a certain amount of reactive power compensation capacity, and taking into account the demand for suppressing the rotor current during the fault increase demand, it is more reasonable to prioritise the assignment of reactive power to the GSC when the unit participates in transient voltage regulation. (3) The coordinated control strategy of VSPS proposed in this paper takes the voltage of the receiving end commutating bus as the in(pu)t signal, and acts on the reactive power outer loop in the control part of the unit. This method enables the VSPS to respond in real time to the dynamic changes in the LCC-HVDC receiving end converter bus voltage, compensate the corresponding reactive power within the safe operating range of the unit, support the converter bus voltage, and thus effectively inhibit the occurrence of LCC-HVDC continuous phase change failure.

Key words： Continuous commutation failed variable speed pump storage unit reactive power characteristic coordinated control strategy

收稿日期: 2024-03-12

PACS:

TM721.1

通讯作者: 崔浩江男,2000年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为高压直流输电。E-mail：cuihaojiang@126.com

作者简介: 高本锋男,1981年生,副教授,研究方向为高压直流输电和电力系统次同步振荡。E-mail：gaobenfeng@126.com

引用本文:

高本锋, 崔浩江, 杨鹏, 梁纪峰, 李铁成. 抑制直流连续换相失败的可变速抽水蓄能机组协调控制策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 2492925-2492925. Gao Benfeng, Cui Haojiang, Yang Peng, Liang Jifeng, Li Tiecheng. Coordinated Control Strategy of Variable Speed Pumped Storage Unit for Suppressing Continuous Commutation Failure of HVDC. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 2492925-2492925.

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