内水压试验对大吨位圆柱头瓷绝缘子杂质缺陷剔除有效性研究

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.240299

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摘要

随着交直流特高压输电工程的发展,420 kN和550 kN大吨位圆柱头瓷绝缘子凭借其头部尺寸小、质量轻、便于标准化生产等优点,正逐步取代圆锥头产品。为保证圆柱头绝缘子整体的机械和电气性能,电力行业标准规定瓷件在胶装前需要逐只进行内水压试验,以剔除瓷件中的缺陷,但标准中并未明确规定关键试验参数（水压载荷）,制造企业多依据自身经验进行试验,试验参数的设置缺乏科学依据。该文对内水压试验后破损瓷件中的典型缺陷的类型及分布位置进行统计,在此基础上,针对内水压试验对不同类型、位置杂质的剔除灵敏性进行研究,获得了内水压试验中杂质大小、弹性模量、形状参数以及应力边界条件等因素对瓷件内部应力的影响规律。研究成果可以为规范内水压试验方法及参数,提高大吨位圆柱头瓷绝缘子产品质量提供理论依据。

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关键词 ：圆柱头绝缘子, 内水压试验, 有限元仿真, 夹杂应力

Abstract：

Porcelain parts of insulator are generally made of calcined alumina and inorganic minerals such as clay and feldspar in accordance with the ratio of firing. Due to impurities in raw materials and kilns in the production process, there may be defects such as impurities and pores in porcelain parts. In the actual operating environment, the insulator is subjected to electrical, thermal and mechanical stress, as a result of which internal defects of porcelain parts may be further expanded, resulting in a significant decline in the overall mechanical and electrical properties of the insulator. In order to improve the overall quality of insulators, DL/T 1001.1 stipulates that porcelain parts need to carry out hydraulic test one by one before adhesive assembly to remove the defects in porcelain parts, but the standard doesn’t clearly specify the key test parameter (water pressure), manufacturing enterprises set the pressure based on experience, the test parameters lack scientific basis. In order to scientifically guide the setting of the test conditions of the internal hydraulic test, the types and distribution positions of the removal defects by internal hydraulic test were statistically analyzed, and different factors affecting the sensitivity of the removal of impurities in the internal hydraulic test were analyzed.
First of all, the hydraulic test of domestic porcelain insulator manufacturers was investigated, and it was found that the manufacturers didn’t carry out detail statistics of the position and type of defects removed by the hydraulic test. The author went to a domestic insulator manufacturer to track a batch of products, collect the porcelain pieces destroyed in the hydraulic test, and classify the defects on the section, which are mainly divided into yellow core, micro-cracks, impurities and so on.
Secondly, the article has analyzed the internal stress distribution of intact porcelain parts in the hydraulic test by finite element simulation. On this basis, according to different types of defects, the stress calculation is carried out by setting up defect model. The stress distribution in the hydraulic test is taken as the boundary stress condition of the calculation of submodel, and different defects are set in the submodel to calculate the local stress. The sensitivity of internal hydraulic test to remove different defects is analyzed by calculating the stress concentration coefficient at the defect. According to the results, the influence of elastic modulus, size and shape of impurities and different stress boundary conditions on the stress concentration coefficient at the defect is analyzed.
Finally, the article analyzed the reasonableness of the current hydraulic test conditions in the manufacturers based on the first principal theory. The subsequent work will further optimize the setting of internal water pressure test conditions based on the statistical accumulation of defect removal data from the manufacturer's internal water pressure test and the actual operation of the large-tonnage porcelain insulators produced by the manufacturer in the line.

Key words： cylindrical head insulator hydraulic inner pressure test finite element simulation inclusions

收稿日期: 2024-02-26

PACS:

TM216

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金资助项目（51977117）

通讯作者: 曹彬男,1993年生,博士,研究方向为高压外绝缘。E-mail：huhu0512@126.com

作者简介: 仪明哲男,1995年生,硕士,研究方向为瓷绝缘子力学性能。E-mail：m17703646290@163.com

引用本文:

仪明哲, 文路, 梅红伟, 曹彬, 王黎明. 内水压试验对大吨位圆柱头瓷绝缘子杂质缺陷剔除有效性研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 2492920-2492920. Yi Mingzhe, Wen Lu, Mei Hongwei, Cao Bin, Wang Liming. Analysis of Removing Impurity Defects in Hydraulic Test of Cylindrical Head Suspended Porcelain Insulator. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 2492920-2492920.

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