Abstract：Lightning has the discharge characteristics of high-current, fast-changing, which is the main cause of tripping of power transmission lines. Rocket-triggered lightning experiments are an important way to study lightning, to test the reasonableness of the return stroke model of cloud-to-ground lightning, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the lightning location system. However, most rocket-triggered lightning experiments involve lightning that strikes the ground directly. Related studies have shown that the properties of the struck object affect the parameters of lightning. Overhead lines are an important part of power networks and one of the most important targets for lightning strikes. It is necessary to study the interaction of lightning with overhead lines. In this paper, we will analyze the characteristics of the close magnetic field parameters of rocket-triggered lightning in the case of lightning to the ground and lightning to the overhead lines, compare whether there are differences, and analyze the relationship between magnetic field parameters and the measured distance. Rocket-triggered lightning experiments were conducted in Guangdong, China, in the summer of 2019. There are two types of lightning strikes, one for triggering lightning to 10 kV overhead lines and one for triggering lightning to the ground. Lightning currents were measured using a coaxial shunt with a resistance value of 1 mΩ. Three observation points were set up, and magnetic field waveform data generated by lightning at close range were measured using magnetic rods with several turns of coils wound around them as magnetic field sensors. The distances from the three observation points to the lightning channel from the lightning to the ground are 58 m, 90 m and 1 600 m respectively, and the distances to the lightning channel from the lightning to the line are 18 m, 130 m and 1 550 m respectively. Five parameters of the return stroke magnetic field waveform were defined, namely, the total magnetic field peak, the leader magnetic field peak, the return stroke magnetic field peak, the 10%~90% rise time, and the half-width time. Most of the magnetic field parameters show a significant log-normal distribution. The two conditions of lightning were compared and analyzed. In the case of lightning to the overhead line, the magnetic field amplitude is lower, about 12% lower. When the lightning strikes the overhead line, the 10%~90% rise time and half-width time of the magnetic field are larger, about 60% and 70% larger, respectively. The difference in the magnetic field waveforms between the two cases may be related to the difference in current rise times in two cases. The total peak magnetic field decays as a power function of distance and decays more rapidly in the case of lightning to the ground. While there is no significant relationship between the leader magnetic field peak and distance. There is a linear relationship between the total magnetic field peak and the current peak at different distances for both two cases. The linear fit at 18~130 m is better than that at 1 550 m and 1 600 m, due to the fact that the close magnetic field is mainly affected only by the induced field component, while the radiation field component at 1 550 m and 1 600 m is not negligible.
蔡力, 杜懿阳, 胡强, 周蜜, 王建国. 火箭引雷至架空线路与地面近距离磁场对比分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(24): 6798-6806.
Cai Li, Du Yiyang, Hu Qiang, Zhou Mi, Wang Jianguo. Comparative Analysis of Close Magnetic Field of Rocket-Triggered Lightning Striking the Overhead Line and the Ground. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(24): 6798-6806.
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