A Multi-Label Learning Method Based on Conditional Networks and Knowledge Injection for Power Quality Disturbance Identification and Classification
Huang Jie1, Li Jianmin1,2, Zhu Bingfan1, Zhang Chicheng1, Liang Chengbin3
1. College of Engineering and Design Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China; 2. College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan University Changsha 410082 China; 3. College of Electrical Engineering Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 China
Abstract：The large-scale integration of renewable energy into the new power system has brought numerous power quality disturbances (PQDs), which severely affect the safe and stable operation of the power grid. Accurate identification of PQD types is crucial for ensuring the stable operation of electrical equipment and achieving high-quality power supply. To address the common issues of low recognition accuracy, large model parameters, and high computational complexity in existing PQDs recognition and classification methods, this paper proposes a multi-label learning method for PQDs identification and classification based on conditional networks and knowledge injection. Firstly, this method integrates a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) with a one-dimensional group convolutional neural network (1D-GCCN) to construct a one-dimensional multi-fusion convolutional network (1D-MFCN), which effectively extracts key features from PQDs signals while reducing the computational complexity of the model. Subsequently, to further capture the temporal characteristics of PQDs, a long short-term memory (LSTM) network optimized by a simple, parameter-free attention mechanism (SimLSTM) is proposed. Compared with traditional LSTM, the SimLSTM is capable of automatically identifying salient features and assigning appropriate weights, thereby enhancing the precision of temporal feature extraction. In addition, a conditional network is designed to predict the number of PQDs occurring simultaneously, and a knowledge injection module is constructed by leveraging the mutually exclusive nature of swell, sag, and interruption disturbances. By incorporating the conditional network and knowledge injection mechanism, the proposed method alleviates the burden on the main network in distinguishing complex disturbance types and improves the overall classification accuracy. Finally, the outputs from the conditional network and the main network are fused through a label threshold function to produce the final disturbance recognition and classification results. Simulation results demonstrate that, under the presence of random white noise, the proposed method achieves an accuracy of 99.47% with only 0.093 M parameters, enabling high-precision and lightweight recognition of complex disturbances. Furthermore, when tested on 14 types of PQDs collected from an actual hardware platform, the proposed model attains an average recognition accuracy of 98.45%, with a perfect 100% accuracy on four-type disturbances, further validating the reliability and effectiveness of the proposed approach.
黄杰, 李建闽, 朱冰凡, 张驰成, 梁成斌. 基于条件网络和知识注入的多标签学习电能质量扰动识别与分类方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2025, 40(23): 7652-7663.
Huang Jie, Li Jianmin, Zhu Bingfan, Zhang Chicheng, Liang Chengbin. A Multi-Label Learning Method Based on Conditional Networks and Knowledge Injection for Power Quality Disturbance Identification and Classification. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2025, 40(23): 7652-7663.
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