电工技术学报  2024, Vol. 39 Issue (zk1): 37-50    DOI: 10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.L11031
电机及其系统 |
考虑振动噪声抑制的Halbach内置式永磁同步电机拓扑协同优化设计
高建宁1, 徐炜1, 王激尧1, 房淑华1, 刘细平2
1.东南大学电气工程学院 南京 210096;
2.江西理工大学电气工程与自动化学院 赣州 341000
Topology Cooperative Optimization Design of Halbach Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Considering Vibration and Noise Suppression
Gao Jianning1, Xu Wei1, Wang Jiyao1, Fang Shuhua1, Liu Xiping2
1. School of Electrical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China;
2. School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Jiangxi University of Science and Technology Ganzhou 341000 China
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摘要 针对内置式永磁同步电机电磁振动噪声大的问题,该文提出一种定转子开设辅助槽,转子采用钕铁硼和铁氧体混合永磁体,同时部分永磁体分段Halbach充磁方式的电机拓扑结构。首先,求解电机振动噪声解析表达式,并搭建电机有限元模型。其次,提出一种结合参数敏感度分析和响应面法的电机拓扑协同优化方法,考虑到拓扑参数间的耦合作用影响,根据所提方法对拓扑结构参数进行优化。然后,将优化后电机通过电磁场、机械场、声场进行多物理场耦合仿真,得到电机振动噪声特性,并将定子最大振动幅值和噪声声压级结果与V型内置式永磁电机相比较,结果表明：在保证电磁转矩不受影响的前提下,该结构抑制了转矩脉动、齿槽转矩以及径向电磁力的幅度,减小了电机振动幅值和噪声声压级。最后,在机械场中计算转子所受等效应力和总变形,验证电机结构的合理性。
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高建宁
徐炜
王激尧
房淑华
刘细平
关键词 ： 内置式永磁同步电机,  Halbach永磁体,  径向电磁力,  振动噪声    
Abstract：Addressing the problem of severe electromagnetic oscillations and disturbances in the synchronous motor of an internal permanent magnet, a kind of motor topology with auxiliary slots in fixed rotor is proposed. Composed of NdFeB and a ferrite mixed permanent magnet, the rotor functions in the Halbach magnetization setting of the permanent magnet section. Firstly, the resolution of the analytical depiction of motor vibration noise resulted in the development of a finite element motor model. Secondly, the suggestion is made for a joint optimization approach in motor topology, integrating parameter sensitivity analysis with the response surface technique. Taking into account the interplay among topological parameters, the optimization of topological structure parameters is conducted as per the suggested approach. Subsequently, the refined motor undergoes a multi-physical field coupling simulation, employing electromagnetic, mechanical, and acoustic fields to capture its vibration and noise characteristics. Comparisons are made between the outcomes of the stator's peak vibration amplitude and the level of noise sound pressure and those from the V-type internal permanent magnet motor. The results suggest that the proposed model can diminish the torque ripple, slot torque, and the intensity of the radial electromagnetic force, based on its ability to ensure the electromagnetic torque, thereby diminishing the motor's vibration intensity and noise pressure intensity. To confirm the motor structure's logic, the rotor's equivalent stress and total deformation in the mechanical field are computed.
Firstly, motor rotor topology parameters are intricate, and conventional single structure optimization frequently culminates in an optimization goal, challenging to assess the efficacy of several motors. The optimization of single topological structure parameters will change the specific motor performance objectives, and the coupling optimization of multiple structure parameters will have nonlinear effects on the motor performance owing to alterations in the magnetic field environment of the air gap. Therefore, it is particularly important to consider the synergistic coupling effect of multiple topological parameters on the optimization objective. Simulations of the stator surface's vibration speed and amplitude are conducted within the mechanical environment. Concurrently, the surface's vibrational speed is incorporated into the sound field model, and a model simulating the spread of sound pressure levels due to noise within the air domain, within a 1 m radius of the motor, is conducted. Finally, the data are compared and analyzed to obtain the optimal vibration and noise characteristics of the motor.
Aiming at the vibration and noise problem of IPMSM, a topology cooperative optimization scheme combining parameter sensitivity layering and response surface method is proposed in this paper. Initially, the study delves into the theoretical aspects of motor vibration and noise, leading to the construction of a finite element simulation model for motors. Then a hierarchical collaborative optimization method is adopted for multiple topology optimization parameters.Additionally, simulations and analyses of the optimized motor structure's vibration and noise are conducted in a multi-physics field, and juxtaposed with a V-type IPMSM motor. Ultimately, the steadiness of the motor's framework has been confirmed within the machine field.
Key words： Interior permanent magnet synchronous motor    Halbach permanent magnet    radial electromagnetic force    vibration noise   
收稿日期: 2024-07-12     
PACS: TM301.4  
基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目（52275009, 52207038）
通讯作者: 徐 炜 男,1982年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为新能源汽车电驱系统的建模、设计及控制等。E-mail：weixu@seu.edu.cn   
作者简介: 高建宁 男,1998年生,博士研究生,研究方向为永磁电机的多目标优化设计多物理场分析、电机控制算法。E-mail：230238838@seu.edu.cn
引用本文:   
高建宁, 徐炜, 王激尧, 房淑华, 刘细平. 考虑振动噪声抑制的Halbach内置式永磁同步电机拓扑协同优化设计[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(zk1): 37-50. Gao Jianning, Xu Wei, Wang Jiyao, Fang Shuhua, Liu Xiping. Topology Cooperative Optimization Design of Halbach Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Considering Vibration and Noise Suppression. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(zk1): 37-50.
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