电动车智慧无线电能传输云网

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.222085

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摘要无线电能传输将是未来智能网联、无人驾驶、共享化电动车的必然选择。该文提出电动车智慧无线电能传输云网的概念、意义和构建中的关键问题及实现路径。将具有无线电能双向传输功能的电动车网和桩网通过云平台（即“两网一云”）进行智慧融合,实现各参与要素间的便捷、高效、协同运行以及资源优化匹配。电动车智慧无线电能传输云网的建立,将极大推进电动车智能网联化、无人驾驶和共享化以及电能的车网智慧交互,使交通出行模式和新能源电力储馈方式发生变革,真正满足人们对轻松自由并安全出行的美好追求,助力碳中和目标的实现。

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	杨庆新
	张献
	章鹏程

关键词 ：电动车, 智慧, 无线电能传输, 云网

Abstract：The development of electric vehicles (EVs) is a sure way for China to achieve the "double carbon" goal and move from a large-scale to a powerful automobile country. Electric vehicles have transformed from simple vehicles to energy storage units, intelligent mobile terminals, and digital spaces. Furthermore, autonomous driving is becoming an important technology to promote the reform of transportation modes, making wireless charging an inevitable choice for intelligent driverless and shared EVs in the future. However, the existing vehicle and network information interaction mode is challenging to conduct multi-level information fusion and decision-making for future scenarios. It is inseparable from the construction of intelligent wireless charging cloud networks to achieve and ensure the interconnection of energy and information. How to use advanced technologies such as cloud computing, big data, internet of things, artificial intelligence, and blockchain to build an intelligent wireless EV charging cloud network, to realize the closed-loop of vehicle, network, road, and cloud data, and form an efficient collaboration and resource optimization and matching among various elements, are critical problems. Therefore, there are vital issues to be considered and explored. This paper addresses the motivations for constructing an intelligent wireless power transmission cloud network for EVs. Critical challenges and suggestions for cloud network construction are outlined in the rest of the paper.
Firstly, the natural energy storage attribute of massive numbers of electric vehicles is highlighted. The power exchange between the vehicle and grid (V2G) is reviewed from state-of-the-art and developing trends. Wireless V2G is discussed under the background of EV development. Establishing real-time electricity prices brings economic benefits to both car owners and charging operators. The combination of the electricity economy and V2G gives prominence to excellent business potential. Wireless vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) emerges under this trend. With the increasing number of electric vehicles, it will generate considerable storage and better use of electric vehicles' energy. Participating in the vehicle network interaction can improve the distribution and mobility of the energy storage unit and enhance the electrical. The stability of the force system has practical significance.
Secondly, the planning of the intelligent wireless power transmission cloud network for EVs is proposed. The cloud network platform aims to build a service platform for the Internet of Vehicles and provide a more efficient, convenient, and safe service guarantee for the travel of electric vehicles. According to the degree of automation of electric vehicles, electric vehicles can be categorized into crewed electric vehicles, hybrid (semi-automatic) electric vehicles, and autonomous electric vehicles. Different types of electric vehicles have different functional requirements for the cloud platform. The platform has great potential to support highly efficient energy exchange between the grid and vehicles. Traffic efficiency and traveling sharing can be improved based on the platform. Relevant departments should make overall arrangements, actively respond to the needs of cloud network construction, and play a leading role in policy guidance.
Finally, critical problems need to be concerned during the construction. Floor planning needs to be considered from the view of land, transportation, construction, and other aspects. Diversified charging scenarios are to be discovered to meet the growing development. Digital security issues are to be ensured, and third-party platform construction and supervision are suggested. How to achieve efficient cloud information management is also critical for power exchange. New technologies such as big data, data mining, blockchain, and intelligent algorithms are to be adopted to unite the cloud network. Operation and profit models are essential factors to support the cloud network. Space electromagnetic safety problems are another vital issue to be considered both from the electromagnetic compatibility and bio-safety aspects.
Establishing an intelligent wireless EV charging cloud network will be of great practical significance to transforming EV form, transportation mode, and energy consumption structure. It greatly meets people's pursuit of easy traffic.

Key words： Electric vehicle intelligent wireless power transfer cloud network

收稿日期: 2022-11-04

PACS:	TM15
	TM73

基金资助:国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金项目（52122701）和青年科学基金项目（52207010）资助

通讯作者: 杨庆新,男,1961年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为工程电磁场与磁技术。E-mail：qxyang@tjut.edu.cn; 张献,男,1983 年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为无线电能传输技术。E-mail：zhangxian@hebut.edu.cn; 章鹏程男,1991 年生,助理研究员,研究方向为新能源与无线充电技术的融合应用。E-mail：pczhang@tsinghua.edu.cn

引用本文:

杨庆新, 张献, 章鹏程. 电动车智慧无线电能传输云网[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(1): 1-12. Yang Qingxin, Zhang Xian, Zhang Pengcheng. Intelligent Wireless Power Transmission Cloud Network for Electric Vehicles. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(1): 1-12.

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