安全火花试验电极热场致发射模型和温度效应的数值模拟研究

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.L80745

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (2)

全文: PDF (20098 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要

研究安全火花试验装置的镉盘试验电极温度分布和热场致电子发射特性为研究感性电路分断放电特性和揭示其电弧放电机理奠定理论基础。根据量子理论,热场致电子发射电流密度主要取决于阴极表面温度和外加电场等因素。因此基于椭圆积分法,推导出阴极电子穿透率的数学表达式,得出热场致电子发射电流密度与温度及外加电场之间的关系表达式;综合考虑试验电极的微观表面形貌、发射电流密度、焦耳热和热传导效应,数值计算阴极微凸起的表面温度变化规律。实例模拟仿真结果表明：当镉盘阴极表面温度在熔点和沸点范围内时,热场致电子发射电流密度随外电场和阴极表面温度的增大而非线性增加;在不同外加电场下,阴极微凸起温度随放电时间呈非线性增长,且增长率越来越大;阴极微凸起顶端温度在极短时间（ns级）内上升到熔点,从而引起其顶端局部发生微爆炸电子发射。这为进一步研究感性电路分断放电的微观机理和本安非爆炸性评价奠定了理论基础。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	赵永秀
	刘树林
	王瑶
	王骑

关键词 ：电感分断放电, 阴极电子发射, 椭圆积分, 热场致电子发射, 温度效应

Abstract：

The temperature distribution of cadmium electrode and thermal field electron emission (TFEE) properties based on safety spark test apparatus are studied to lay the foundation for studying the inductor-disconnected discharge characteristics and revealing the mechanism of arc discharge. According to quantum theory, the TFEE current density depends largely on such factors as the cathode surface temperature and applied electric field. Therefore, with the elliptic integral method, the mathematical expression of cathode electronic penetration rate was deduced. The relational expression between the TFEE current density, the cathode surface temperature and the applied electric field was derived. Considering the microcosmic surface morphology of the test electrode, the TFEE current density, joule heat and heat conduction effect, the temperature on the micro-protrusion of the cathode surface was computed with numerical method. The simulation results show that, the TFEE current density increases nonlinearly with the increase of the applied electric field and cathode surface temperature between the melting point and boiling point of cadmium electrode. Under different applied electric fields, the temperature of micro-protrusion increases nonlinearly with discharge time, and the growth rate increases. The temperature of micro-protrusion top rises to the melting point in a very short time (ns-grade), and thus the local micro-explosion electron emission occurred. It has laid a theoretical foundation for further research on the micro-mechanism of inductor-disconnected discharge and the evaluation of the non-explosive intrinsically safe performance for the inductive circuit.

Key words： Inductor-disconnected discharge cathode electron emission elliptic integral thermal field electron emission (TFEE) temperature effect

收稿日期: 2018-07-10 出版日期: 2019-10-30

PACS:	O462
	TD68

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金青年项目（51604217）和国家自然科学基金面上项目（517771677）资助

通讯作者: 刘树林男,1964年生,博士,教授,博士生导师,研究领域为开关变换器、功率集成电路。E-mail: lsigma@163.com

作者简介: 赵永秀女,1978年生,博士研究生,副教授,研究方向为本质安全电路放电及防爆理论分析。E-mail: yongxiu_zhao@163.com

引用本文:

赵永秀, 刘树林, 王瑶, 王骑. 安全火花试验电极热场致发射模型和温度效应的数值模拟研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(20): 4179-4187. Zhao Yongxiu, Liu Shulin, Wang Yao, Wang Qi. Research on Numerical Simulation of Thermal Field Electron Emission and Temperature Effect for Safety Spark Test Electrode. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(20): 4179-4187.

链接本文:

https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.L80745 https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y2019/V34/I20/4179

[1] 赵永秀, 刘树林, 王孟, 等. 基于安全火花试验装置的电感分断电弧电阻建模研究[J]. 电子学报, 2017, 45(5): 1078-1083.
Zhao Yongxiu, Liu Shulin, Wang Meng, et al.Arc resistance modeling of inductor-disconnected circuit based on safety spark test apparatus[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2017, 45(5): 1078-1083.
[2] 孟庆海, 王进己. 本质安全电感电路电弧放电时间双正态分布[J]. 电工技术学报, 2017, 32(2): 119-124.
Meng Qinghai, Wang Jinji.Dual normal distribution of arc discharge time for inductive intrinsically safe circuits[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2017, 32(2): 119-124.
[3] 姜慧, 邵涛, 章程, 等. 不同电极间距下纳秒脉冲表面介质阻挡放电分布特性[J]. 电工技术学报, 2017, 32(2): 32-42.
Jiang Hui, Shao Tao, Zhang Cheng, et al.Distribution characteristics of nanosecond-pulsed surface dielectric barrier discharge at different electrode gaps[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2017, 32(2): 32-42.
[4] 成永红, 孟国栋, 董承业. 微纳尺度电气击穿特性和放电规律研究综述[J]. 电工技术学报, 2017, 32(2): 13-23.
Cheng Yonghong, Meng Guodong, Dong Chengye.Review on the breakdown characteristics and discharge behaviors at the micro & nano scale[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2017, 32(2): 13-23.
[5] Bondarenko G G, Kristya V I, Savichkin D O.Modeling of the effect of field electron emission from the cathode with a thin insulating film on its emission efficiency in gas discharge plasma[J]. Vacuum, 2018, 149: 114-117.
[6] Hua Ye, Wan Hong, Chen Xingyu, et al.Influence of surface micro-structures on explosive electron emission properties for graphite cathodes[J]. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2017, 45(6): 959-968.
[7] 胡家鸣, 白保东, 陈德志, 等. 针对轴电流抑制问题的碳纳米管材料场发射研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2018, 33(增刊1): 82-88.
Hu Jiaming, Bai Baodong, Chen Dezhi, et al.Field emission of carbon nanotube materials for suppression of bearing current[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2018, 33(S1): 82-88.
[8] 钟久明, 刘树林, 王玉婷, 等. 基于模拟电荷法的微间隙场增强因子研究[J]. 电子学报, 2016, 44(4): 1003-1008.
Zhong Jiuming, Liu Shulin, Wang Yuting, et al.Study on the electric field enhancement factor for micro-gap based on CSM[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2016, 44(4): 1003-1008.
[9] 华叶, 万红, 陈兴宇, 等. 表面微结构对碳化硅晶须掺杂石墨阴极爆炸电子发射性能的影响[J]. 物理学报, 2016, 65(16): 168102.
Hua Ye, Wan Hong, Chen Xingyu, et al.Influence of surface microstructure on explosive electron emission properties of graphite cathode doped by silicon carbide whiskers[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2016, 65(16): 168102.
[10] Kyritsakis A, Djurabekova F.A general com- putational method for electron emission and thermal effects in field emitting nanotips[J]. Computational Materials Science, 2017, 128: 15-21.
[11] 左应红, 王建国, 范如玉. 热场致发射过程中阴极表面热效应的研究[J]. 现代应用物理, 2014, 5(4): 260-268.
Zuo Yinghong, Wang Jianguo, Fan Ruyu.Study of thermal effects on cathode surface in thermal field emission[J]. Modern Applied Physics, 2014, 5(4): 260-268.
[12] Munoz-Hernandez A, Diaz G, Calderon-Munoz W R, et al. Thermal-electric modeling of graphite: analysis of charge carrier densities and Joule heating of intrinsic graphite rods[J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 2017, 122(24): 245107.
[13] Noda K, Wada Y, Toyabe T. Numerical investigation of organic thin-film transistors using a thermionic field emission model[J]. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 2014, 53(6): 06JH0.
[14] 翟国富, 薄凯, 李庆楠, 等. 直流电弧运动过程中重击穿现象及机理研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2016, 31(11): 105-113.
Zhai Guofu, Bo Kai, Li Qingnan, et al.Research on restriking phenomena and mechanism during DC arc motion process[J]. Transactions of China Electro- technical Society, 2016, 31(11): 105-113.
[15] 窦菊英, 朱长纯, 谢涛, 等. 金属热-场电子发射特性研究[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2001, 35(6): 655-657.
Dou Juying, Zhu Changchun, Xie Tao, et al.Study on thermal and field emission of electrons from metals[J]. Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 2001, 35(6): 655-657.
[16] 彭凯, 刘大刚. 三维热场致发射模型的数值模拟与研究[J]. 物理学报, 2012, 61(12): 121301.
Peng Kai, Liu Dagang.Numerical simulation and study of three-dimensional thermal field emission[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2012, 61(12): 121301.
[17] 左应红, 朱金辉. 热场致电子发射阴极表面电场瞬态响应特性模拟[J]. 现代应用物理, 2017, 8(1): 010402.
Zuo Yinghong, Zhu Jinhui.Numerical simulation on transient time response of thermo-field electron emission cathode surface electric field[J]. Modern Applied Physics, 2017, 8(1): 010402.
[18] 左应红, 王建国, 范如玉. 场致发射的温度效应对微波管爆炸电子发射的影响[J]. 强激光瑜粒子束, 2013, 25(5): 1236-1240.
Zuo Yinghong, Wang Jianguo, Fan Ruyu, et al.Influence of temperature effect of field emission on explosive electron emission in microwave tube[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2013, 25(5): 1236-1240.
[19] 李相坤. 场致发射阴极微波电子枪模拟与实验研究[D]. 北京: 清华大学, 2015.
[20] 林祖伦, 王小菊, 编著. 阴极电子学[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 2013.