非介入型LCC-HVDC系统阻抗宽频测量方法

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.240782

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摘要

为了在不额外增设一次设备的条件下有效监测电网换相换流器型高压直流输电（LCC-HVDC）系统馈入受端交流系统的运行动态特性及接入后的宽频振荡风险,本文提出了一种非介入型LCC-HVDC系统阻抗宽频测量方法。所提方法与现有研究采用单一电压/电流扰动注入或宽频谐波扰动注入等介入型方法不同,无需向高压直流输电系统注入谐波扰动,避免了可能产生的谐振风险。同时所提方法引入了曲线相似度与动态调整时间步长的采样方案。本文首先阐述了LCC系统接入受端交流系统的交互原理;其次以单极大地回线的拓扑结构作为分析对象,采用谐波状态空间（HSS）理论建立了LCC-HVDC系统的HSS阻抗模型;进而提出非介入型阻抗宽频测量方法来观测系统的运行状态和判断宽频振荡风险,剖析LCC系统与受端电网的交互与宽频振荡特性。最后,以CIGRE标准模型算例仿真验证了所提方法的正确性与实用性。

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	王丹
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关键词 ： LCC-HVDC, 非介入, 阻抗宽频测量, 谐波状态空间, 曲线相似度, 动态调整时间步长

Abstract：

To monitor the dynamic characteristics of the receiving AC system and assess the risk of wideband oscillation in LCC-HVDC without additional equipment, this paper presents a non-invasive impedance wideband measurement method for LCC-HVDC systems. Unlike existing invasive methods, such as single voltage/current or wideband harmonic disturbance injections, the proposed method does not inject harmonic disturbances into LCC-HVDC, thereby avoiding the potential resonance risk. Furthermore, the proposed method introduces curve similarity and a dynamically adjusted time-step sampling scheme. First, this paper discusses the interaction principles between the LCC system and the receiving AC system. Secondly, this paper establishes the harmonic state space (HSS) impedance model for LCC-HVDC, based on HSS theory, focusing on the unipolar earth loop topology. Subsequently, a non-invasive impedance wideband measurement method is proposed to observe the operating state of the system, judge the risk of wideband oscillation, and analyze the interaction and wideband oscillation characteristics between the LCC system and the receiver network through impedance analysis. Finally, an example of CIGRE standard model is used to verify the correctness and practicality of the proposed method.
Based on the HSS theory and the concept of digital modulus, this paper introduces a non-invasive impedance wideband measurement method. Firstly, the system topology and the interaction principles of the LCC-HVDC unipolar earth loop subsystems are detailed. Then, the impedance modeling of the LCC-HVDC system is elaborated, and the HSS impedance mathematical model for wideband measurement is derived based on the system's topology. Finally, the system model is constructed in MATLAB/Simulink using parameters from the CIGRE standard model, and the impedance calculation model is applied to measure the impedance of the LCC system.Combined with the measured wideband impedance curve, the interaction between the LCC system and the receiving network, as well as the wideband oscillation characteristics, were analyzed using the generalized Nyquist criterion for stability. At the same time, the Pearson correlation coefficient was introduced to capture the similarity of impedance curves with high granularity, thereby exploring the adaptability of impedance models of different orders and the factors influencing the oscillation risk. It offers theoretical support for the measurement methods used in the engineering application of impedance measurement, and appropriately expanding the permissible error range in the amplitude-frequency intersection can enhance the universality of impedance analysis methods.
The main contributions and conclusions of this paper are summarized as follows: (1) A non-invasive LCC-HVDC impedance model and impedance wideband measurement method are designed, which does not require injecting harmonic disturbances into the system. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the measured impedance curve of the 13th-order model and the fitted curve from active measurements is 0.9983, which is very close to 1. This high value indicates that the accuracy of the measurement model is high, suggesting a close match with the actual impedance characteristics. (2) By analyzing the similarity matrix of measurement curves from models of varying orders, it is observed that the Pearson correlation coefficients for the phase measurement curves are closely matched for orders h=3, h=7, and h=11, with the highest deviation being within 0.2%. Consequently, the acceptable error margin for amplitude-frequency intersection points may be suitably broadened. Considering computational efficiency, a lower-order measurement model within the range of 3 to 13 can be selected. (3) The characteristics of the measured wideband impedance curve of the system can be observed under two conditions: adaptive adjustment of the sampling time step and variation in transmission power. Adaptive adjustment of the time step is not only conducive to accurately identifying the crossover points of the amplitude-frequency response but also reduces the computational load and minimizes storage requirements. Conversely, an increase in transmission power raises the risk of system instability.

Key words： LCC-HVDC non-invasive impedance wideband measurement harmonic state space curve similarity dynamically adjusted time-step sampling

收稿日期: 2024-05-14

PACS:	TM721.1
	TM712

基金资助:

国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作重点项目（2022YFE0129300）、湖南省科技创新计划项目（2023GK2007,2023RC1038）和宁夏-湖南±800kV特高压直流输电工程科研项目（SGZB0000TGJS2300786）资助

通讯作者: 李勇男,1982年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为电力系统运行与控制、电力电子系统与控制。E-mail：yongli@hnu.edu.cn

作者简介: 王丹女,1988年生,博士研究生,研究方向为高压直流输电阻抗建模与量测。E-mail：807178691@qq.com

引用本文:

王丹, 李勇, 张益, 付颖, 刘泽洪. 非介入型LCC-HVDC系统阻抗宽频测量方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 2492945-2492945. Wang Dan, Li Yong, Zhang Yi, Fu Ying, Liu Zehong. Non-invasive Impedance Wideband Measurement Method for LCC-HVDC Systems. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 2492945-2492945.

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