100%新能源场景下考虑频率稳定约束的源网荷储一体化系统储能优化配置

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.240444

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摘要

新能源富集和负荷集中地区建设源网荷储一体化系统是推动新能源大规模就地消纳的有效手段。然而,100%新能源场景下,一体化系统缺乏同步惯量支撑,频率稳定面临极大挑战。为深度挖掘“源-网-荷-储”各环节调频潜力,首先对跟网型和构网型新能源场站以及需求侧响应的频率支撑能力进行研究,并根据系统实际运行状态和预想故障场景设置合理的虚拟惯性时间常数,建立了一体化系统频率响应模型。其次,在100%新能源场景下的储能配置模型中,提出考虑各调频资源协同运行的储能优化配置方法,并利用时域仿真将频率安全稳定约束嵌入配置模型。最后,基于西南某地区待建设的源网荷储一体化试点工程进行算例验证,结果表明,提出的配置方法能够有效提升一体化系统频率稳定性。

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关键词 ：源网荷储一体化系统, 跟网型控制和构网型控制, 频率稳定, 储能优化配置

Abstract：

It is an effective means to promote large-scale local consumption of new energy to construct an integrated source-grid-load-storage system in areas with abundant new energy and concentrated loads. However, the frequency stability problem is becoming increasingly prominent due to the lack of conventional power supply inertia support in the 100% new energy scenario. To address these issues, the potential of frequency modulation resources on the source, energy storage and load sides is fully explored in this paper, establishing an integrated system energy storage optimization configuration model considering frequency stability and the coordinated operation of various frequency modulation resources, realizing the coordinated operation of flexible adjustment resources and ensuring the frequency stability of the system.
Firstly, the virtual inertia time constant is reasonably set according to the actual operating state of the system and the expected fault scenario, which is based on the safety constraint of rate of change of frequency. Secondly, the influence of the control strategy and demand-side response on the frequency response of GFM and GFL were explored, which improves the frequency regulation ability of new energy stations in all aspects. Finally, a frequency response model considering the dynamic frequency response constraints and the operation characteristics of frequency modulation resources in each link of the integrated system is established, so as to effectively avoid the frequency out-of-limit problem.
Simulation analysis of the proposed optimal configuration model for energy storage has a positive effect on improving the inertia level of the system and ensuring the frequency stability of the system. The frequency safety of the power system can be improved while improving economic benefits considering the frequency characteristics of new energy units, energy storage power stations and demand-side response under the framework of energy storage allocation optimization. The rotor kinetic energy stored in the wind turbine and the fast frequency response of the energy storage power station are used to provide inertia support for the system. Compared with the existing research, the proposed configuration method can effectively ensure that the frequency security and stability indicators are within the stability threshold. The system composed entirely of GFM will affect the participation of the demand-side response resulting in a 14.3% increase in the energy storage configuration power of the system. Additionally, it can reduce the planned energy storage power by up to 23.8% setting reasonable demand-side response control parameters.
Simulation analysis of the proposed configuration model of energy storage considering frequency stability constraints shows that the following conclusions:(1) VSG technology is introduced into the new energy station to provide virtual inertia support for the integrated system. According to the actual operating conditions and expected fault scenarios, the virtual inertia time constants of the wind farm and the energy storage power station are designed. (2) The GFM control can effectively reduce RoCoF₀⁺. However, it will affect the participation of demand-side response when the number of network-based stations is higher than a certain percentage. (3) The analysis of the demand side response will affect the energy storage configuration, and the case analysis shows that on the basis of ensuring user satisfaction, setting reasonable demand side response control parameters can effectively reduce the energy storage configuration cost of the integrated system.

Key words： Source-grid-load-storage integrated system GFL and GFM frequency stability optimal configuration of energy storage.

收稿日期: 2024-03-20

PACS:

TM712

基金资助:

国家重点研发计划资助项目（2022YFB2402700）

通讯作者: 赵冬梅女,1965年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为电力系统分析与控制、新能源发电与智能电网等。E-mail：zhao-dm@ncepu.edu.cn

作者简介: 宋晨铭男,1996年生,博士研究生,研究方向电力系统优化运行和稳定性评估。E-mail：songchenming@ncepu.edu.cn

引用本文:

赵冬梅, 宋晨铭, 冯向阳, 虞程超, 徐辰宇. 100%新能源场景下考虑频率稳定约束的源网荷储一体化系统储能优化配置[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 240444-. Zhao Dongmei, Song Chenming, Feng Xiangyang, Yu Chengchao, Xu Chenyu. The Optimal Configuration of Energy Storage in the Source-Grid-Load-Storage Integrated System Considering Frequency Stability Constraints in 100% New Energy Scenarios. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 240444-.

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