Abstract：With the advantages of higher bus voltage utilization and more degrees of control freedom, multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) are widely used in electric vehicles, ship propulsion, and other fields. Direct torque control (DTC) and vector control (VC) are the most popular methods. Compared with VC, DTC needs two hysteresis comparators of stator flux linkage and torque and a switching table, which has a simple structure and fast dynamic response. However, traditional DTC has the disadvantages of large torque, flux linkage ripples, and high current harmonics. Model predictive torque control (MPTC) selects the optimal voltage vector from a control set according to the cost function to improve the torque and flux dynamic response. It has heavy computational burden and difficulty in tuning the weighting factor. Deadbeat direct torque and flux control (DB-DTFC) can eliminate the errors of torque and flux linkage within one sampling period by a voltage vector, which is obtained by discretizing the mathematical model. In addition, its control structure is simple, and it is unnecessary to adjust redundant parameters. However, there is a coupled relationship between torque and stator flux linkage. The traditional DB-DTFC has poor dynamic and steady-state performance. Therefore, an improved DB-DTFC strategy is proposed for five-phase PMSM. Firstly, the PMSM model is discretized in the two-stationary frame, and a voltage vector is obtained from the relationship among stator voltage, torque, and stator flux linkage. Thus, the decoupling control of torque and stator flux linkage can be achieved. Secondly, current and flux linkage observers are built to compensate for delay and parameter disturbance in the digital control system. Finally, due to harmonic space in the five-phase PMSM, the space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) based on four non-zero vectors is designed to restrain the third harmonic current. Experimental results of the traditional and improved DB-DTFC were tested at rated speed to evaluate the steady-state performance. Compared with the traditional DB-DTFC, the improved DB-DTFC can better suppress the torque and flux linkage ripples, the waveform of phase current is more sinusoidal, and the CPU execution time is shorter. Therefore, the voltage vector obtained by the improved DB-DTFC is more consistent with the deadbeat control goal, improving the stator flux and torque control accuracy and restraining current harmonics. Moreover, during dynamic experiments, the improved DB-DTFC has faster torque and speed responses, shorter adjustment time, and more dynamic response than the traditional DB-DTFC, ensuring the control accuracy of flux linkage. The effectiveness of the proposed strategy is verified through theoretical analysis and experiments, and the following conclusions can be drawn. (1) Compared with the traditional DB-DTFC, the stator voltage of the method is much easier to obtain, thus requiring less computation. (2) The model of torque and flux linkage is accurate to achieve the decoupling control. The ripples are less at steady-state operation, thus improving the steady-state and dynamic performance. (3) Current and flux linkage observers are designed to eliminate the delay of digital control and to improve the parameter robustness. (4) SVPWM based on four non-zero vectors can effectively restrain the third harmonic current and reduce the distortion of phase current.
刘国海, 孙汶超, 周华伟, 刘正蒙. 五相永磁同步电机改进型无差拍直接转矩和磁链控制[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(24): 6658-6667.
Liu Guohai, Sun Wenchao, Zhou Huawei, Liu Zhengmeng. An Improved Deadbeat Direct Torque and Flux Control Strategy of Five-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(24): 6658-6667.
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2023, Vol. 38 
