溯源弹簧形变过程的断路器振动信号递归量化分析辨识方法

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.230201

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摘要

从锁止机构脱扣引起储能弹簧释能,经部件带动动触头运动再到静止的每个动作具有严格阶段特征,伴随断路器动作的机械振动展现了能量传递及设备健康状态。本文提出一种溯源弹簧形变过程的断路器振动信号递归量化分析方法,首先由高速相机捕捉断路器操动时储能弹簧的动作图像,通过计算机视觉跟踪动态提取反映弹簧形变特征帧,再依据特征帧时序划分操动过程。然后将不同阶段振动信号映射至高维相空间,经递归分析得到体现动力系统变化特征的递归图,并递归量化分析其纹理结构特征。最后,利用支持向量机模型对正常及故障状态下的断路器振动特征样本进行分析辨识,对比结果证明由弹簧释能时序细化振动信号特征分析有效提高了分类识别准确率,本文方法在断路器操动机构状态辨识中具有广阔应用前景。

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	刘会兰
	常庚垚
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	刘教民

关键词 ：高压断路器, 动作阶段, 振动信号, 递归量化分析, 状态辨识

Abstract：

High-voltage circuit breakers are key electrical equipment responsible for power grid control and protection. As the structure complexity and automation of transmission and distribution networks continue to increase, the requirements for the reliability of circuit breaker operations are also increasing. For high-voltage circuit breakers with spring-operated mechanisms, each movement from the release of the energy storage spring caused by the tripping of the locking mechanism to the movement of the moving contact driven by the components and then to the rest has strict stage characteristics. The mechanical vibration accompanying the action of the circuit breaker shows the energy transmission and the health status of the equipment. This paper proposes a method for recursive quantitative analysis of circuit breaker vibration signals traceable to the spring deformation process.
First, a high-speed camera captures the action image of the energy storage spring when the circuit breaker is in operation, and dynamically extracts a specific target in the high-speed image sequence through a computer vision tracking algorithm (normalized cross-correlation graphic pyramid matching algorithm) to form a time curve of spring movement and displacement, to Velocity defines four characteristic frames to obtain the key characteristic frames of spring deformation, which are: deformation start frame, maximum velocity frame, maximum deformation frame and oscillation end frame. Secondly, according to the characteristic frame timing of the image sequence, the operation process is accurately divided into four stages that reflect the characteristics of the circuit breaker action. They are: tripping stage, energy storage release stage, closing buffer stage and oscillation braking stage. Each stage highlights the changing characteristics of the signal itself, reflecting the correlation between the signal and the actual physical energy transfer state. Finally, the vibration signals of different stages are mapped to the high-dimensional phase space, and the recurrence plot (RP) reflecting the change characteristics of the dynamic system is obtained through recursive analysis, which reflects the change law of the dynamic system at each stage and scientifically describes the nonlinear characteristics of the time series. And through recursive quantitative analysis (RQA) to characterize its texture structure features, get RQA feature sequence. This allows for an accurate depiction of the relationship between spring discharge, vibration events, and component motion.
Taking the ZN65-12 high-voltage circuit breaker as the research object, a fault simulation experiment platform was built, and the support vector machine model was used to analyze and identify the vibration characteristic samples of the circuit breaker under normal and fault conditions. The experimental results show that the vibration signal is refined by the timing of spring energy release Feature analysis effectively improves the accuracy of circuit breaker status identification. High-speed image and vibration signal capture are both non-invasive measurement methods. With the accumulation of experimental data and further improvement of the algorithm, it will be widely used in circuit breaker fault monitoring and live testing. prospect.

Key words： High voltage circuit breaker action period vibration signal recursive quantitative analysis defect detection

PACS:

TM561

基金资助:

河北省自然科学基金(F2020201014)和输变电设备基建、运检三维数字资源多源融合技术与共享服务应用研究(5211JY22000V)资助项目

通讯作者: 常庚垚, 男,1998年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为主要从事电气设备状态检测与智能图像识别技术方面研究工作。E-mail：changgy1998@163.com

作者简介: 刘会兰 ,女,1986年生,博士研究生,工程师,研究方向为电力设备故障诊断、智能电器监测技术及分布式电源并网技术。E-mail：liuhuilan111@163.com

引用本文:

刘会兰, 常庚垚, 赵书涛, 付磊, 刘教民. 溯源弹簧形变过程的断路器振动信号递归量化分析辨识方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 20235428-20235428. Liu Huilan, Chang Gengyao, Zhao Shutao, Fu Lei, Liu Jiaomin. Circuit Breaker State Identification Method Based on Tracing Spring Deformation Process and Recurrence Quantitative Analysis of Vibration Signals. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 20235428-20235428.

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