Abstract:On the basis of taking into account a mission profile of wind power converter for a long time, the existing lifetime estimation methods for power converters hardly consider the effect of fundamental frequency junction temperature fluctuations on the reliability of power converters. So a junction temperature iterative algorithm, which can quickly calculate junction temperature of power devices, is proposed in this paper. Compared with electro-thermal simulation, the proposed iterative method ensures more accurate, and greatly reduces the calculation time. Besides, a 1.2MW wind energy conversion system is regarded as a case study; junction temperature of power device is quickly calculated by means of the proposed method considering the actual wind speed and air temperature data, and then this paper utilizes the Bayerer life model and linear cumulative damage theory to assess the reliability of power converters. Finally, the evaluation results are verified, the reliability of the generator side converter is compared with that of the grid side converter, and the effect of fundamental frequency fluctuations and low frequency fluctuations on reliability of power converters are also discussed in this paper. The results show that for the high-power wind energy conversion system, the reliability of the generator side converter can be poorer, and reliability evaluation of power converters should not ignore the impact of fundamental frequency junction temperature fluctuations.
杜雄, 李高显, 孙鹏菊, 周雒维. 考虑基频结温波动的风电变流器可靠性评估[J]. 电工技术学报, 2015, 30(10): 258-265.
Du Xiong, Li Gaoxian, Sun Pengju, Zhou Luowei. Reliability Evaluation of Wind Power Converters Considering the Fundamental Frequency Junction Temperature Fluctuations. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2015, 30(10): 258-265.
[1] Durstewitz M, Ensslin C, Hahn B, et al. 15 years practical experiences with wind power in germany[C]. The Annual Meeting of European Wind Energy Conference (EWEC), 2006. [2] Tavner P J, Xiang J, Spinato F. Reliability analysis for wind turbines[J]. Wind Energy, 2007, 10(1): 1-18. [3] Ribrant J, Bertling L. Survey of failures in wind power systems with focus on Swedish wind power plants during 1997~2005[J]. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 2007, 22(1): 167-173. [4] Wang Huai, Ma Ke, Blaabjerg Frede. Design for reliability of power electronic systems[C]. The 38th IEEE Annual Conference on Industrial Electronics Society (IECON), 2012: 33-44. [5] D'Arco S, Undeland T M, Bohllander M, et al. A simplified algorithm for predicting power cycling lifetime in Direct Drive wind power systems[C]. IEEE 9th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices (SSD), 2012. [6] Pittini R, D'Arco S, Hernes M, et al. Thermal stress analysis of IGBT modules in VSCs for PMSG in large offshore wind energy conversion systems[C]. The 14th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE), 2011. [7] Xie Kaigui, Jiang Zefu, Li Wenyuan. Effect of wind speed on wind turbine power converter reliability[J]. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 2012, 27(1): 96-104. [8] Arifujjaman M, Iqbal M T, Quaicoe J E. Reliability analysis of grid connected small wind turbine power electronics[J]. Applied Energy, 2009, 86(9): 1617- 1623. [9] Wei Lixiang, Kerkman R J, Lukaszewski R A, et al. Analysis of IGBT power cycling capabilities used in doubly fed induction generator wind power system[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2011, 47(4): 1794-1801. [10] Isidori A, Rossi F M, Blaabjerg F. Thermal loading and reliability of 10MW multilevel wind power con- verter at different wind roughness classes[C]. The 14th Annual IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), 2012: 2172-2179. [11] 杨珍贵, 周雒维, 杜雄, 等. 风速记录差异对评估风电变流器可靠性的影响[J]. 电网技术, 2013, 37(9) : 2566-2572. Yang Zhengui, Zhou Luowei, Du Xiong, et al. Effect of different records of wind speed on reliability evaluation of wind power converters[J]. Power System Technology, 2013, 37(9): 2566-2572. [12] Drofenik U, Kolar J W. A general scheme for calcula- ting switching-and conduction-losses of power semicon- ductors in numerical circuit simulations of power electronic systems[C]. The International Power Elec- tronics Conference (IPEC), 2005. [13] 潘武略, 徐政, 张静, 等. 电压源换流器型直流输电换流器损耗分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2008, 28(21) : 7-14. Pan Wulue, Xu Zheng, Zhang Jing, et al.Dissipation analysis of VSC-HVDC converter[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2008, 28(21): 7-14. [14] Zhou Z, Kanniche M S, Butcup S G, et al.High-speed electro-thermal simulation model of inverter power modules for hybrid vehicles[J]. IET Electric Power Applications, 2011, 5(8): 636-643. [15] Josef Lutz, Heinrich Schlangenotto, Uwe Scheuermann. Semiconductor power devices[M]. Berlin, 2011. [16] 唐勇, 汪波, 陈明. IGBT开关瞬态的温度特性与电热仿真模型[J]. 电工技术学报, 2012, 27(12): 146- 153. Tang Yong, Wang Bo, Chen Ming. Temperature charac- teristic and electric-thermal model of IGBT switching transient[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2012, 27(12): 146-153. [17] 胡建辉, 李锦庚, 邹继斌, 等. 变频器中的IGBT模块损耗计算及散热系统设计[J]. 电工技术学报, 2009, 24(3): 159-163. Hu Jianhui, Li Jingeng, Zou Jibin, et al. Losses calculation of IGBT module and heat dissipation system design of inverters[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2009, 24(3): 159-163. [18] M690E产品规格[EB/OL]. http://appserver.lenovo. com.cn/Lenovo_Product_Detail.aspx?gdsid=A1200008908. [19] 何山, 王维庆, 张新燕, 等. 大型永磁同步风力发电机定子温度场研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2009, 30(6): 799-803. He Shan, Wang Weiqing, Zhang Xinyan, et al. Study of stator thermal field for large permanent magnet synchronous wind power generator[J]. Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2009, 30(6): 799-803. [20] Dun laoghaire harbor company[EB/OL]. 2012[2012- 12-1]. http: //www. dlharbour. ie/. [21] Kim H, Singh C, Sprintson A. Simulation and estimation of reliability in a wind farm considering the wake effect[J]. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 2012, 3(2): 274-282. [22] Infineon IGBT Module datasheet, FF1000R17IE4 [EB/OL]. 2013[2012-03-9]. http://www.infineon.com. [23] Jangamshetti S H, Rau V G.Site matching of wind turbine generators: a case study[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 1999, 14(4): 1537-1543. [24] Bayerer R, Herrmann T, Licht T, et al. Model for power cycling lifetime of IGBT modules-various factors influencing lifetime[C]. The 5th International Con- ference on Integrated Power Systems (CIPS), 2008. [25] Hirschmann D, Tissen D, Schröder S, De Doncker R W. Reliability prediction for inverters in hybrid electrical vehicles[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2007, 22(6): 2511-2517. [26] Faulstich S, Hahn B, Lyding P, et al. Reliability of offshore turbines-identifying risks by onshore expe- rience[C]. European Offshore Wind Conference & Exhibition (EOW), 2009. [27] Tavner P J, Gindele R, Faulstich S, et al. Study of effects of weather & location on wind turbine failure rates[C]. European Wind Energy Conference (EWEC), 2010. [28] 夏长亮. 永磁风力发电系统及其功率变换技术[J]. 电工技术学报, 2012, 27(11) : 1-13. Xia Changliang. Wind energy conversion system based on PMSG and its power converter technology [J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2012, 27(11): 1-13.