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| Implementation Method of Wide Range Zero Voltage Switching in Magnetic Coupling Wireless Power Transfer System |
| Jia Yahui1, Wang Zhihui1, Xiao Jing2, Zuo Zhiping1, Zhao Lei1 |
1. School of Automation Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China;
2. Southern Power Grid Corporation Wireless Power Transmission Joint Laboratory Guangxi Power Grid Co. Ltd Nanning 530023 China |
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Abstract Air gap variations between coils are inevitable in magnetic coupling wireless power transfer (MC-WPT) systems. At the same time, due to the presence of magnetic and metallic materials, air gap variations can change mutual inductance and self-inductance, which is particularly evident in small air gap applications. Mutual inductance variations lead to output power fluctuation, and self-inductance variations lead to detuning and system input impedance change. Thus, achieving zero voltage switching (ZVS) in an inverter is challenging. Thus, power and efficiency are reduced. Taking the wireless charging system of an automatic guided vehicle (AGV) as an example, this paper proposes a wide coupling range ZVS implementation method for the MC-WPT system, considering coil parameters and load variations.
Firstly, a time-domain analysis model of the LCC-S compensation system is established. The influence of coil parameters (mutual inductance and self-inductance) and load variations on the ZVS operation is studied. As the air gap gradually decreases, the self-inductance of the primary coil and the mutual inductance changes are not conducive to the ZVS operation, and the self-inductance changes of the secondary coil are conducive. By keeping the self-inductance in the primary coil unchanged and combining with the ZVS critical condition, the relationship between the mutual inductance and change in self-inductance of the secondary coil within the full load range is fitted, which is the ZVS operation boundary trajectory of the WPT system.
Secondly, phase shift modulation (PSM) achieves constant current/voltage (CC/CV) output to charge the AGV battery. At the same time, based on the ZVS operation boundary trajectory, the self-inductance of the primary coil remains constant through coil structure and compensation parameter optimization, and the self-inductance of the secondary coil changes into a favorable variable inductive input impedance, effectively expanding the ZVS operating range of PSM. Moreover, the reactive current of the system is minimized within the full coupling range, which is beneficial for improving efficiency. Compared to the traditional ZVS range expansion method, the proposed method utilizes the parameter variation characteristics of the coil itself without additional control variables to avoid the adverse effects from self-inductance changes, which is more straightforward and more effective.
Finally, a 250 W experimental platform is built to verify the correctness and effectiveness of the theoretical analysis. The experimental results show that within the air gap range of 10 mm to 60 mm, under a maximum self-inductance variation range of 32.88 μH to 23.84 μH and a maximum mutual inductance variation range of 19.13 μH to 6.05 μH, wide coupling range ZVS operation and CC/CV output are achieved with the minimum reactive current, and the peak efficiency is 92.5%.
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Received: 30 October 2023
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2024, Vol. 39 
