|
|
|
| Reduction of Six Times Frequency Vibration and Noise of Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines with Interpolar Virtual Teeth |
| Li Zexing1, Xia Jiakuan1, Liu Tiefa2, Guo Zhiyan1, Lu Bingna1 |
1. School of Electrical Engineering Shenyang University of Technology Shenyang 110870 China;
2. Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Science Shenyang 110169 China |
|
|
|
Abstract The permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) are the most attractive candidates for the use as the power sources for underwater vehicles due to its inherent high efficiency and high power density. However, as an essential performance for the underwater vehicles, concealment is vulnerable to low-frequency vibration and noise caused by PMSMs.
In the low frequency domain, the six-times frequency vibration plays a significant role for PMSMs, which is caused by the six-times frequency force harmonic. The six-times frequency force harmonic is closely related to the fundamental wave, the third-, fifth- and seventh-order magnetic field harmonics. As these magnetic field harmonics account for a large proportion in all magnetic field harmonics, the six-times frequency vibration and noise are generally and significantly present in PMSMs with different combines of pole and slot number. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze and weaken the six-times frequency force harmonic. In this paper, a weakening method of the interpolar virtual teeth is proposed.
After adding virtual teeth, the air-gap flux density and its FFT result are calculated. Compared with the original motor, the 3rd harmonic and the difference between the 5th and 7th harmonics is reduced under the influence of the virtual teeth.
After adding virtual teeth, the electromagnetic force density and its FFT result are calculated. Compared with the original motor, the 2nd and 4th force harmonics are basically unchanged, while the 6th harmonic is significantly reduced by 58.5%.
After adding virtual teeth, the torque on load is calculated. The control mode of the original motor is Id=0, and the control modes of the optimized motor with virtual teeth are Id=0 and the maximum ratio of torque to current, respectively. Compared with the original motor, the average torque of the optimized motor with virtual teeth is basically unchanged. Therefore, the virtual tooth structure can effectively reduce the sixth harmonic of electromagnetic force while ensuring the torque density.
After adding virtual teeth, the vibration spectrum is calculated. The main frequency points include 6f, 12f, 18f, and the amplitudes of the vibration acceleration at 6f is largest. Compared with the original motor, the acceleration amplitude of the optimized motor with virtual teeth at 6f decreases from 0.856 m/s2 to 0.475 m/s2.
After adding virtual teeth, the noise spectrum is calculated. The trend of noise spectrum is basically the same as the vibration spectrum. Compared with the original motor, the noise amplitude at 6f is significantly reduced, which proves the effectiveness of the proposed optimized method.
The noise experiment is carried out in the noise laboratory. The measured results are similar to that of the simulation, and the characteristic points at 6f, 12f and 18f are consistent. Since this simulated project only evaluated the electromagnetic noise, the measured noise may contain other noise sources such as rotor eccentricity, bearing noise and friction noise, which inevitably lead to the difference between calculated values and measured values. However, the simulation results generally meet the required accuracy, and the error is deemed acceptable. Therefore, the theoretical analysis and simulation results are confirmed.
|
|
Received: 07 September 2021
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] Liu Guangwei, Qiu Guohua, Shi Jin, et al.Study on counter-rotating dual-rotor permanent magnet motor for underwater vehicle propulsion[J]. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2018, 28(3): 1-5.
[2] Chasiotis I D, Karnavas Y L.A generic multi-criteria design approach toward high power density and fault-tolerant low-speed PMSM for pod applications[J]. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 2019, 5(2): 356-370.
[3] Li Wei, Cheng Ming.Investigation of influence of winding structure on reliability of permanent magnet machines[J]. CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems, 2020, 4(2): 87-95.
[4] Chai Feng, Li Yi, Pei Yulong, et al.Analysis of radial vibration caused by magnetic force and torque pulsation in interior permanent magnet synchronous motors considering air-gap deformations[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2019, 66(9): 6703-6714.
[5] Xu Jiaqun, Zhang Hongqiang.Random asymmetric carrier PWM method for PMSM vibration reduction[J]. IEEE Access, 2020, 8: 109411-109420.
[6] 陈益广, 韩柏然, 沈勇环, 等. 永磁同步推进电机电磁振动分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2017, 32(23): 16-22.
Chen Yiguang, Han Boran, Shen Yonghuan, et al.Electromagnetic vibration analysis of permanent magnet synchronous propulsion motor[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2017, 32(23): 16-22.
[7] Sun Tao, Kim Y H, Cho W J, et al.Effect of pole and slot combination on noise and vibration in permanent magnet synchronous motor[C]//Digests of the 2010 14th Biennial IEEE Conference on Electromagnetic Field Computation, Chicago, IL, USA, 2010: 1.
[8] Zou Jibin, Lan Hua, Xu Yongxiang, et al.Analysis of global and local force harmonics and their effects on vibration in permanent magnet synchronous machines[J]. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 2017, 32(4): 1523-1532.
[9] 王晓远, 贺晓钰, 高鹏. 电动汽车用V型磁钢转子永磁电机的电磁振动噪声削弱方法研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2019, 39(16): 4919-4926, 4994.
Wang Xiaoyuan, He Xiaoyu, Gao Peng.Research on electromagnetic vibration and noise reduction method of V type magnet rotor permanent magnet motor electric vehicles[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2019, 39(16): 4919-4926, 4994.
[10] 李晓华, 刘成健, 梅柏杉, 等. 电动汽车IPMSM宽范围调速振动噪声源分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2018, 38(17): 5219-5227, 5319.
Li Xiaohua, Liu Chengjian, Mei Boshan, et al.Vibration and noise sources analysis of IPMSM for electric vehicles in a wide-speed range[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2018, 38(17): 5219-5227, 5319.
[11] Wang Shanming, Hong Jianfeng, Sun Yuguang, et al.Analysis of zeroth-mode slot frequency vibration of integer slot permanent-magnet synchronous motors[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2020, 67(4): 2954-2964.
[12] 邢泽智, 王秀和, 赵文良, 等. 表贴式永磁同步电机电磁激振力波计算与定子振动特性分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2021, 41(14): 5004-5013.
Xing Zezhi, Wang Xiuhe, Zhao Wenliang, et al.Calculation of electromagnetic force waves and analysis of stator vibration characteristics of surface mount permanent magnet synchronous motor[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2021, 41(14): 5004-5013.
[13] Wang Shanming, Hong Jianfeng, Sun Yuguang, et al.Filling force valley with interpoles for pole-frequency vibration reduction in surface-mounted PM synchronous machines[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2020, 67(8): 6709-6720.
[14] Wang Xiaoyuan, Sun Xibin, Gao Peng.Study on the effects of rotor‐step skewing on the vibration and noise of a PMSM for electric vehicles[J]. IET Electric Power Applications, 2020, 14(1): 131-138.
[15] 谢颖, 李飞, 黎志伟, 等. 内置永磁同步电机减振设计与研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2017, 37(18): 5437-5445, 5543.
Xie Ying, Li Fei, Li Zhiwei, et al.Optimized design and research of vibration reduction with an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2017, 37(18): 5437-5445, 5543.
[16] 李岩, 李双鹏, 周吉威, 等. 基于定子齿削角的近极槽永磁同步电机振动噪声削弱方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2015, 30(6): 45-52.
Li Yan, Li Shuangpeng, Zhou Jiwei, et al.Weakening approach of the vibration and noise based on the stator tooth chamfering in PMSM with similar number of poles and slots[J]. Transactions of China Electrote-chnical Society, 2015, 30(6): 45-52.
[17] Cassat A, Espanet C, Coleman R, et al.A practical solution to mitigate vibrations in industrial PM motors having concentric windings[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2012, 48(5): 1526-1538.
[18] Hong Jianfeng, Wang Shanming, Sun Yuguang, et al.An effective method with copper ring for vibration reduction in permanent magnet brush DC motors[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2018, 54(11): 1-5.
[19] 石玉君, 程子活, 蹇林旎. 两种典型的场调制型永磁电机的对比分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2021, 36(1): 120-130.
Shi Yujun, Cheng Zihuo, Jian Linni.Comparative analysis of two typical field modulated permanent-magnet machines[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2021, 36(1): 120-130.
[20] 刘家琦, 白金刚, 郑萍, 等. 基于磁场调制原理的齿槽转矩研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2020, 35(5): 931-941.
Liu Jiaqi, Bai Jingang, Zheng Ping, et al.Investigation of cogging torque based on magnetic field modulation principle[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2020, 35(5): 931-941.
[21] Chiba A.Acoustic noise reduction of switched reluctance motor with reduced RMS current and enhanced efficiency[C]//2016 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM), Boston, USA, 2016: 1.
[22] Xing Zezhi, Zhao Wenliang, Wang Xiuhe, et al.Reduction of radial electromagnetic force waves based on PM segmentation in SPMSMs[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2020, 56(2): 1-7.
[23] 于占洋, 李岩, 井永腾, 等. 基于混合磁场解析法的磁极偏心型表贴式永磁同步电机空载特性分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2020, 35(18): 3811-3820.
Yu Zhanyang, Li Yan, Jing Yongteng, et al.No-load characteristic analysis of surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor with non-concentric pole based on hybrid magnetic field analysis method[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2020, 35(18): 3811-3820.
[24] Wang Shanming, Hong Jianfeng, Sun Yuguang, et al.Effect comparison of zigzag skew PM pole and straight skew slot for vibration mitigation of PM brush DC motors[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2020, 67(6): 4752-4761.
[25] Hong Jianfeng, Wang Shanming, Sun Yuguang, et al.Piecewise stagger poles with continuous skew edge for vibration reduction in surface-mounted PM synchronous machines[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2021, 68(9): 8498-8506.
[26] 肖阳, 宋金元, 屈仁浩, 等. 变频谐波对电机振动噪声特性的影响规律[J]. 电工技术学报, 2021, 36(12): 2607-2615.
Xiao Yang, Song Jinyuan, Qu Renhao, et al.The effect of harmonics on electromagnetic vibration and noise characteristic in inverter-duty motor[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2021, 36(12): 2607-2615.
[27] 夏加宽, 康乐, 詹宇声, 等. 表贴式三相永磁同步电机极槽径向力波补偿模型及参数辨识[J]. 电工技术学报, 2021, 36(8): 1596-1606.
Xia Jiakuan, Kang Le, Zhan Yusheng, et al.The model of pole slot radial force wave compensation for surface-mounted three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor and parameter identification[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2021, 36(8): 1596-1606.
[28] 罗玉涛, 卢若皓. 基于结构参数分级优化的电机电磁噪声抑制[J]. 电工技术学报, 2021, 36(14): 2957-2970.
Luo Yutao, Lu Ruohao.Hierarchical optimization of structural parameters for motor electromagnetic noise suppression[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2021, 36(14): 2957-2970.
[29] Xia Jiakuan, Li Zexing, Zhang Zixuan, et al.Influence of salient effect on air-gap flux density distribution of interior permanent-magnet synchronous machines[J]. IEEE Access, 2021, 9: 58852-58860.
[30] Wang Shanming, Hong Jianfeng, Sun Yuguang, et al.Analysis and reduction of electromagnetic vibration of PM brush DC motors[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2019, 55(5): 4605-4612.
[31] 李晓华, 赵容健, 田晓彤, 等. 逆变器供电对电动汽车内置式永磁同步电机振动噪声特性影响研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2020, 35(21): 4455-4464.
Li Xiaohua, Zhao Rongjian, Tian Xiaotong, et al.Study on vibration and noise characteristics of interior permanent magnet synchronous machine for electric vehicles by inverter[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2020, 35(21): 4455-4464. |
|
|
|
2023, Vol. 38 
