闪电连接高度对地面电场波形的影响

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.191805

Abstract
Figure/Table
References
Related Citation (10)

Download: PDF (2816 KB) HTML (0 KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract It was assumed by traditional return stroke models that the return stroke originates from the ground and develops towards the cloud. However, recent observation results show that, at the junction height, the lightning return stroke will generate bidirectional currents to the cloud and to the ground, respectively. Combined with the recent observation results about the lightning initiation process, an extended return stroke model incorporating bidirectional propagation of the return stroke at the junction height is proposed. Then, the ground electric field at different distances (50km, 5km, 50m) is calculated. The results show that, depending on the wavefront steepness of the current, the existence of the downward return stroke may generate a sharp initial peak in the rising portion of the electric fields. The sharp initial peak overshoot is defined to represent the extent of sharpness. The influence of junction height, current wavefront steepness and downward return stroke speed on overshoot is further analyzed. It can be seen that, as the junction height increases, the amplitude and duration of the sharp initial peak increase. Besides, a larger wavefront steepness and a larger downward return stroke speed tend to produce a larger initial field peak overshoot. The increase of downward return stroke speed results in a shorter duration of initial field peak. The electric field waveforms calculated by the proposed return stroke model are more consistent with the measured ones than the conventional models, revealing the physical mechanism of sharp initial electric field peak.

Key words： Lightning current lightning junction height initial sharp electric field peak trans- mission line model wavefront steepness of current return stroke speed

Received: 24 December 2019

PACS:

TM865

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to my bookshelf
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Articles by authors
	Zhou Mi
	Ding Wenhan
	Wang Jianguo
	Cai Li
	Fan Yadong

Cite this article:

Zhou Mi,Ding Wenhan,Wang Jianguo等. Effect of Lightning Junction Height on Ground Electric Field Waveform[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2021, 36(4): 857-868.

URL:

https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.191805 OR https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/Y2021/V36/I4/857

[1] Uman M A, Mclain D K.Magnetic field of lightning return stroke[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1969, 74(28): 6899-6910.
[2] Nucci C A, Mazzetti C, Rachidi F, et al.On lightning return stroke models for LEMP calculations[C]//19th International Conference on Lightning Protection. Graz, Austria, 1988: 463-470.
[3] Rakov V A, Dulzon A A.Calculated electromagnetic fields of lightning return strokes[J]. Tekhnicheskaya Elektrodinamika, 1987(1): 87-89.
[4] Wang Daohong, Takagi N, Gamerota W R, et al.Initiation processes of return strokes in rocket- triggered lightning[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2013, 118(17): 9880-9888.
[5] Wang Daohong, Gamerota W R, Uman M A, et al.Lightning attachment processes of an “anomalous” triggered lightning discharge[J]. Journal of Geophy- sical Research: Atmospheres, 2014, 119(3): 1524-1533.
[6] Wang Daohong, Takagi N, Gamerota W R, et al.Lightning attachment processes of three natural lightning discharges[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2015, 120(20): 10637-10644.
[7] Tsukamoto N, Wu Ting, Wang Daohong, et al.Light intensity profiles of return strokes at the bottom of rocket-triggered and natural lightning channels[J]. Journal of Atmospheric Electricity, 2017, 37(1): 1-9.
[8] Rakov V A, Tran M D.The breakthrough phase of lightning attachment process: from collision of opposite- polarity streamers to hot-channel connection[J]. Electric Power Systems Research, 2019, 173: 122-134.
[9] Hill J D, Uman M A, Jordan D M, et al.The attachment process of rocket-triggered lightning dart- stepped leaders[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2016, 121(2): 853-871.
[10] 任瀚文, 郭子炘, 马宇飞, 等. 雷击风机叶片的跃变击距特性与定量表征[J]. 电工技术学报, 2017, 32(15): 216-224.
Ren Hanwen, Guo Zixin, Ma Yufei, et al.Quanti- tative characterization of the striking saltus distance of wind turbine blade[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2017, 32(15): 216-224.
[11] 王宇, 王建国, 周蜜, 等. 双接闪器叶片风电机组缩比模型雷击附着特性[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2018, 38(18): 5307-5315.
Wang Yu, Wang Jianguo, Zhou Mi, et al.Lightning attachment characteristic of wind turbine blade with two-receptors[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2018, 38(18): 5307-5315.
[12] 雷宇航, 蔡国伟, 潘超. 大气条件下雷击风机叶片初始流注区电场强度与临界长度研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(20): 4392-4399.
Lei Yuhang, Cai Guowei, Pan Chao.Research of electric field of lightning initial streamer from wind turbine blade and critical length based on atmo- spheric conditions[J]. Transactions of China Electro- technical Society, 2019, 34(20): 4392-4399.
[13] Zhou Mi, Wang Daohong, Wang Jianguo, et al.Cor- relation between the channel-bottom light intensity and channel-base current of a rocket-triggered lightning flash[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2014, 119(23): 457-473.
[14] Zhou Mi, Su Xiaowei, Wang Jianguo, et al.On the variation of optical return stroke speed along the bottom of lightning channel[J]. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2019, 61(3): 766-777.
[15] 张岩, 刘福贵, 汪友华, 等. 改进的双指数函数雷电流波形及其辐射电磁场的计算[J]. 电工技术学报, 2013, 28(增刊2): 133-139.
Zhang Yan, Liu Fugui, Wang Youhua, et al.A modify double exponential base-current and its application in evaluating the lightning EM fields[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2013, 28(S2): 133-139.
[16] 陈剑, 刘春明, 王茂海, 等. 广义有限差分法在静态电磁场计算中的应用[J]. 电工技术学报, 2018, 33(7): 1579-1587.
Chen Jian, Liu Chunming, Wang Maohai, et al.Application of the generalized finite difference method to static electromagnetic problems[J]. Transa- ctions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2018, 33(7): 1579-1587.
[17] Li Quanxin, Wang Jianguo, Rachidi F, et al.Impor- tance of taking into account the soil stratification in reproducing the late-time features of distant fields radiated by lightning[J]. IEEE Transactions on Elec- tromagnetic Compatibility, 2018, 61(3): 935-944.
[18] 王泽忠, 石雨鑫, 刘丽平. 应用快速多极子曲面边界元法的换流阀塔电场计算[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(2): 203-211.
Wang Zezhong, Shi Yuxin, Liu Liping.Calculating of electric field of converter valve tower by using fast multipole curved boundary element method[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(2): 203-211.
[19] 张刚, 于洪海, 王立欣. 一种时域电磁仿真终止判断的新方法[J]. 电机与控制学报, 2017, 21(9): 15-21.
Zhang Gang, Yu Honghai, Wang Lixin.Stopping criterion of time domain electromagnetic simu- lation[J]. Electric Machines and Control, 2017, 21(9): 15-21.
[20] Chen Shaodong, Zhang Yijun, Zhou Mi, et al.Influence on low-voltage surge protective devices of overhead distribution lines due to nearby return strokes[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2017, 33(3): 1099-1106.
[21] 樊亚东, 于建立, 詹清华, 等. 基于多阶FDTD雷电感应过电压计算新方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2015, 30(12): 336-343.
Fan Yadong, Yu Jianli, Zhan Qinghua, et al.New method of lightning induced over-voltage based on multiple order FDTD[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2015, 30(12): 336-343.
[22] 王孝波, 陈绍东, 张义军, 等. 一次多回击自然闪电引发的输电线路感应过电压特征分析[J]. 电网技术, 2011, 35(2): 163-168.
Wang Xiaobo, Chen Shaodong, Zhang Yijun, et al.Analysis on characteristics of induced over-voltage in transmission line caused by natural lightning with multi return strokes[J]. Power System Technology, 2011, 35(2): 163-168.
[23] 肖翔, 张小青, 李聪. 风电机组雷电过电压的仿真分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2015, 30(24): 237-244.
Xiao Xiang, Zhang Xiaoqing, Li Cong.Simulation analysis on overvoltage in wind turbines by lightning stroke[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2015, 30(24): 237-244.
[24] 蔡国伟, 雷宇航, 葛维春, 等. 高寒地区风电机组雷电防护研究综述[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(22): 4804-4815.
Cai Guowei, Lei Yuhang, Ge Weichun, et al.Review of research on lightning protection for wind turbines in alpine areas[J]. Transactions of China Electro- technical Society, 2019, 34(22): 4804-4815.
[25] Wang Jianguo, Li Quanxin, Cai Li, et al.Multiple- station measurements of a return-stroke electric field from rocket-triggered lightning at distances of 68- 126km[J]. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2018, 61(2): 440-448.
[26] Lin Yuntao, Uman M A, Tiller J A, et al.Characteri- zation of lightning return stroke electric and magnetic fields from simultaneous two-station measurements[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 1979, 84(C10): 6307-6314.
[27] Willett J C, Idone V P, Orville R E, et al.An experimental test of the “transmission-line model” of electromagnetic radiation from triggered lightning return strokes[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 1988, 93(D4): 3867-3878.
[28] Haddad M A, Rakov V A, Cummer S A.New measurements of lightning electric fields in Florida: waveform characteristics, interaction with the ionosphere, and peak current estimates[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2012, 117: D10101.
[29] Weidman C, Hamelin J, Leteinturier C, et al.Cor- related current derivative (dI/dt) and electric field derivative (dE/dt) emitted by triggered lightning[C]// International Aerospace and Ground Conference on Lightning and Static Electricity, Dayton, Ohio, 1986: 1-6.
[30] Howard J, Uman M A, Biagi C, et al.RF and X-ray source locations during the lightning attachment process[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 2010, 115: D06204.
[31] Leteinturier C, Weidman C, Hamelin J.Current and electric field derivatives in triggered lightning return strokes[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1990, 95(D1): 811-828.
[32] Uman M A.The art and science of lightning pro- tection[M]. USA: Cambridge University Press, 2008.
[33] Schoene J, Uman M A, Rakov V A, et al.Test of the transmission line model and the traveling current source model with triggered lightning return strokes at very close range[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2003, 108(D23): 4737.
[34] De Conti A, Visacro S.Analytical representation of single-and double-peaked lightning current wave- forms[J]. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2007, 49(2): 448-451.
[35] Gamerota W R, Elismé J O, Uman M A, et al.Current waveforms for lightning simulation[J]. IEEE Transa- ctions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2012, 54(4): 880-888.
[36] Rakov V A, Uman M A.Lightning: physics and effects[M]. USA: Cambridge University Press, 2003