Abstract For the optimal operation of battery energy storage array system composed of multiple battery units, a weighted discrete consensus algorithm based on model predictive control(MPC)was proposed. Firstly, the derivation process of the distributed algorithm was introduced in detail. By using this algorithm, the adaptive allocation of power between the same energy storage medium can be realized. Secondly, under the premise of not affecting the rated power of BESAS, the battery units were divided into a charging group and a discharging group. And a coordinated operation strategy of multiple battery units had been formulated to improve the operating environment of the battery units. In addition, the convergence rate of the proposed algorithm can be greatly improved by shrinking the weighted matrix. Finally, the actual wind farm data was used to verify the simulation. The results show that the proposed algorithm and control strategy have certain advantages in terms of control effect, convergence rate and extending battery life.
Guo Wei,Zhao Hongshan. Grouping Control Strategy of Battery Energy Storage Array System Based on an Improved Distributed Consensus Algorithm[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(23): 4991-5000.
[1] Das C K, Bass O, Kothapalli G, et al.Overview of energy storage systems in distribution networks: Placement, sizing, operation, and power quality[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2018, 91: 1205-1230. [2] 李建林, 马会萌, 惠东. 储能技术融合分布式可再生能源的现状及发展趋势[J]. 电工技术学报, 2016, 31(14): 1-10. Li Jianlin, Ma Huimeng, Hui Dong.Present development condition and trends of energy storage technology in the integration of distributed renewable energy[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2016, 31(14): 1-10. [3] 高明杰, 惠东, 高宗和, 等. 国家风光储输示范工程介绍及其典型运行模式分析[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2013, 37(1): 59-64. Gao Mingjie, Hui Dong, Gao Zonghe, et al.Presentation of national wind/photovoltaic/energy storage and transmission demonstration project and analysis of typical operation modes[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2013, 37(1): 59-64. [4] 李建林, 王上行, 袁晓冬, 等. 江苏电网侧电池储能电站建设运行的启示[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2018, 42(21): 1-10. Li Jianlin, Wang Shangxing, Yuang Xiaodong, et al.Enlightenment of construction and operation of grid side battery energy storage station in Jiangsu power grid[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(21): 1-10. [5] 雷鸣宇, 杨子龙, 王一波, 等. 光/储混合系统中的储能控制技术研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2016, 31(23): 86-92. Lei Mingyu, Yang Zilong, Wang Yibo, et al.Study on control technology of energy storage station in photovoltaic/storage system[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2016, 31(23): 86-92. [6] 张明, 朴政国. 含储能的分布式光伏并网系统对配电网调峰的研究[J]. 电气技术, 2016, 17(12): 11-14. Zhang Ming, Piao Zhengguo.Research of distribution network peak shaving for distributed grid-connected PV system with energy storage device[J]. Electrical Engineering, 2016, 17(12): 11-14. [7] 柴炜, 李征, 蔡旭, 等. 基于使用寿命模型的大容量电池储能系统变步长优化控制方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2016, 31(14): 58-66. Chai Wei, Li Zheng, Cai Xu, et al.Variable step-size control method of large capacity battery energy storage system based on the life model[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2016, 31(14): 58-66. [8] 伍俊, 鲁宗相, 乔颖, 等. 考虑储能动态充放电效率特性的风储电站运行优化[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2018, 42(11): 41-47. Wu Jun, Lu Zongxiang, Qiao Ying, et al.Optimal operation of wind farm with hybrid storage devices considering efficiency characteristics of dynamic charging and discharging[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(11): 41-47. [9] 韩晓娟, 陈跃燕, 张浩, 等. 基于小波包分解的混合储能技术在平抑风电场功率波动中的应用[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2013, 33(19): 8-13. Han Xiaojuan, Chen Yueyan, Zhang Hao, et al.Application of hybrid energy storage technology based on wavelet packet decomposition in smoothing the fluctuations of wind power[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2013, 33(19): 8-13. [10] Wang Guishi, Ciobotaru M, Agelidis V G.Power smoothing of large solar PV plant using hybrid energy storage[J]. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 2014, 5(3): 834-842. [11] 田春光, 田利, 李德鑫, 等. 基于混合储能系统跟踪光伏发电输出功率的控制策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2016, 31(14):75-83. Tian Chunguang, Tian Li, Li Dexin, et al.Control strategy for tracking the output power of photovoltaic power generation based on hybrid energy storage system[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2016, 31(14): 75-83. [12] 吴杰, 丁明. 采用自适应小波包分解的混合储能平抑风电波动控制策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2017, 41(3): 7-12. Wu Jie, Ding Ming.Wind power fluctuation smoothing strategy of hybrid energy storage system using self-adaptive wavelet packet decomposition[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2017, 41(3): 7-12. [13] 苏浩, 张建成, 王宁, 等. 基于分层优化的大容量混合储能系统能量管理策略[J]. 高电压技术, 2018, 44(4): 1177-1186. Sun Hao, Zhang Jiancheng, Wang Ning, et al.Energy management strategy of large-scale hybrid energy storage system based on layered optimization[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2018, 44(4): 1177-1186. [14] Cao Qian, Song Yongduan, Guerrero J M, et al.Coordinated control for flywheel energy storage matrix systems for wind farm based on charging/ discharging ratio consensus algorithms[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2016, 7(3): 1259-1267. [15] 张新松, 顾菊平, 袁越, 等. 基于电池储能系统的风功率波动平抑策略[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2014, 34(28): 4752-4760. Zhang Xinsong, Gu Juping, Yuan Yue, et al.Strategy of smoothing wind power fluctuation based on battery energy storage system[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2014, 34(28): 4752-4760. [16] 李军徽, 穆钢, 崔新振, 等. 双锂电池–电容器混合储能系统控制策略设计[J]. 高电压技术, 2015, 41(10): 3224-3232. Li Junhui, Mu Gang, Cui Xinzhen, et al.Control strategy design of dual lithium battery-capacitor hybrid energy storage system[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2015, 41(10): 3224-3232. [17] 林卫星, 文劲宇, 艾小猛, 等. 风电功率波动特性的概率分布研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2012, 32(1): 38-46. Lin Weixing, Wen Jinyu, Ai Xiaomeng, et al.Probability density function of wind power variations[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2012, 32(1): 38-46. [18] Bapat R B.Graphs and matrices[M]. London: Springer Press, 2014. [19] Saber R O, Fax J A, Murray R M.Consensus and cooperation in networked multi-agent systems[J]. Proceedings of the IEEE, 2007, 95(1): 215-233. [20] 刘立阳, 吴军基, 孟绍良. 基于预测控制的含风电滚动优化调度[J]. 电工技术学报, 2017, 32(17): 75-83. Liu Liyang, Wu Junji, Meng Shaoliang.A rolling dispatch model for wind power integrated power system based on predictive control[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2017, 32(17): 75-83. [21] 冯凯, 应展烽, 陈汹, 等. 计及线路热惯性效应的模型预测控制安全经济调度模型[J]. 电工技术学报, 2018, 33(8): 1875-1883. Feng Kai, Ying Zhanfeng, Chen Xiong, et al.Model predictive control security economic dispatch model considering transmission line thermal inertia effect[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2018, 33(8): 1875-1883. [22] Li Q, Choi S S, Yuan Y, et al.On the determination of battery energy storage capacity and short-term power dispatch of a wind farm[J]. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 2011, 2(2): 148-158. [23] Tankari M A, Camara M B, Dakyo B, et al.Use of ultracapacitors and batteries for efficient energy management in wind-diesel hybrid system[J]. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 2013, 4(2): 414-424. [24] 严干贵, 朱星旭, 李军徽, 等. 内蕴运行寿命测算的混合储能系统控制策略设计[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2013, 37(1): 110-114. Yan Gangui, Zhu Xingxu, Li Junhui, et al.Control strategy design for hybrid energy storage system with intrinsic operation life measurement and calculation[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2013, 37(1): 110-114. [25] 娄素华, 易林, 吴耀武, 等. 基于可变寿命模型的电池储能容量优化配置[J]. 电工技术学报, 2015, 30(4): 265-271. Lou Suhua, Yi Lin, Wu Yaowu, et al.Optimizing deployment of battery energy storage based on lifetime predication[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2015, 30(4): 265-271.
2019, Vol. 34 
