基于群决策-改进层次分析法碳绿协同的火电机组多工况能量调控

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.251421

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Abstract Under the background of the low-carbon transition of power systems, thermal power units are in urgent need of improving dispatch flexibility and reducing carbon emissions. Aiming at the problems that the fixed pricing in the existing carbon trading mechanism is difficult to reflect the competitive relationship among multiple subjects and the insufficient operational flexibility of thermal power units, it is necessary to construct a collaborative optimization framework that integrates physical flexibility and market incentive mechanisms. This paper proposes a multi-operating-mode energy dispatch model for thermal power units based on an improved AHP carbon-green synergy mechanism considering group decision-making integration.
Firstly, thermal-electric decoupling and cascade utilization of thermal energy are realized by configuring thermal storage devices between high/low-pressure cylinders and boilers, and “thermal energy buffering” technology is used to reduce carbon emissions. Secondly, based on the group decision-making-improved AHP method, a carbon pricing model considering competition, risk and policy factors is constructed, which forms a synergistic mechanism with green certificate trading. Finally, by quantifying and analyzing the dynamic coupling relationship between the carbon-green synergy mechanism and the system's optimal energy curtailment rate, a two-stage optimization model with the goals of optimal economy and optimal wind and solar curtailment is established. Simulation on the IEEE 30-bus system is carried out to verify the model.
In the research, a dual-circuit molten salt thermal storage system is integrated into the thermal power unit. A high-temperature molten salt thermal storage device is set between the boiler and the high-pressure cylinder to adjust the turbine power by absorbing/releasing the waste heat of the boiler; a low-temperature molten salt thermal storage device is arranged between the low-pressure cylinder and the boiler to recover the waste heat of the exhaust steam of the low-pressure cylinder for preheating the feed water and returning it to the boiler, so as to reduce the dependence on the heat provided by the combustion of chemical fuels. Based on the coupling mechanism between the thermal power unit and the high-low temperature molten salt thermal storage system, a mathematical model of the thermal power unit integrated with thermal storage function is established. For the carbon trading pricing, the group decision-making-improved analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method is adopted. A three-level decision-making mechanism involving policy makers, industry experts and market subject representatives is constructed to comprehensively consider the proportion allocation based on the professional advantages of different subjects. The improved AHP method optimizes from two aspects: introducing a dynamic consistency check mechanism to adjust the judgment matrix through real-time feedback, and integrating fuzzy logic and rough set theory to break through the limitation of fixed hierarchical structure. Meanwhile, the three-scale method is used to replace the traditional nine-scale method to reduce the impact of subjectivity on the evaluation results, and the optimal transfer matrix is used to directly construct the judgment matrix to avoid the consistency check link.
Through theoretical analysis and case simulation, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) The carbon trading pricing method based on group decision-making-improved AHP can break through the limitations of fixed pricing and provide decision support for thermal power enterprises to participate in the carbon market. (2) Coupling high and low temperature molten salt thermal storage devices with thermal power units can improve operational economy and environmental protection, verifying the “thermal energy buffering” effect of molten salt thermal storage. (3) The carbon-green collaborative interaction mechanism combined with the optimal energy curtailment rate can promote the low-carbon transition of the power system, and its application needs to be combined with local green certificate trading policies and specific scenarios.

Key words： Group decision-making enhanced analytic hierarchy process (AHP) carbon-green synergistic interaction cascade utilization thermal energy buffering optimal energy curtailment carbon trading pricing

Received: 13 August 2025

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	Yang Dongfeng
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	Fu Xiaobiao
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	Jiang Chao

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Yang Dongfeng,Liu Haonan,Fu Xiaobiao等. Employing a Group Decision-Making Enhanced Analytic Hierarchy Process Carbon-Green Synergy Mechanism for Multi-Operating-Mode Energy Dispatch of Thermal Power Units[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2026, 41(17): 5857-5877.

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https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.251421 OR https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/Y2026/V41/I17/5857

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