基于群决策-改进AHP碳绿协同的火电机组多工况能量调控

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.251421

Abstract
Figure/Table
References (0)
Related Citation (15)

Download: PDF (1751 KB) HTML (1 KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract

Under the background of the low-carbon transition of power systems, thermal power units are in urgent need of improving dispatch flexibility and reducing carbon emissions. Aiming at the problems that the fixed pricing in the existing carbon trading mechanism is difficult to reflect the competitive relationship among multiple subjects and the insufficient operational flexibility of thermal power units, it is necessary to construct a collaborative optimization framework that integrates physical flexibility and market incentive mechanisms. This paper proposes a multi-operating-mode energy dispatch model for thermal power units based on an improved AHP carbon-green synergy mechanism considering group decision-making integration.
Firstly, thermal-electric decoupling and cascade utilization of thermal energy are realized by configuring thermal storage devices between high/low-pressure cylinders and boilers, and "thermal energy buffering" technology is used to reduce carbon emissions. Secondly, based on the group decision-making-improved AHP method, a carbon pricing model considering competition, risk and policy factors is constructed, which forms a synergistic mechanism with green certificate trading. Finally, by quantifying and analyzing the dynamic coupling relationship between the carbon-green synergy mechanism and the system's optimal energy curtailment rate, a two-stage optimization model with the goals of optimal economy and optimal wind and solar curtailment is established. Simulation on the IEEE 30-bus system is carried out to verify the model.
In the research, a dual-circuit molten salt thermal storage system is integrated into the thermal power unit. A high-temperature molten salt thermal storage device is set between the boiler and the high-pressure cylinder to adjust the turbine power by absorbing/releasing the waste heat of the boiler; a low-temperature molten salt thermal storage device is arranged between the low-pressure cylinder and the boiler to recover the waste heat of the exhaust steam of the low-pressure cylinder for preheating the feed water and returning it to the boiler, so as to reduce the dependence on the heat provided by the combustion of chemical fuels. Based on the coupling mechanism between the thermal power unit and the high-low temperature molten salt thermal storage system, a mathematical model of the thermal power unit integrated with thermal storage function is established. For the carbon trading pricing, the group decision-making-improved AHP method is adopted. A three-level decision-making mechanism involving policy makers, industry experts and market subject representatives is constructed to comprehensively consider the proportion allocation based on the professional advantages of different subjects. The improved AHP method optimizes from two aspects: introducing a dynamic consistency check mechanism to adjust the judgment matrix through real-time feedback, and integrating fuzzy logic and rough set theory to break through the limitation of fixed hierarchical structure. Meanwhile, the three-scale method is used to replace the traditional nine-scale method to reduce the impact of subjectivity on the evaluation results, and the optimal transfer matrix is used to directly construct the judgment matrix to avoid the consistency check link.
Through theoretical analysis and case simulation, the following conclusions are drawn: 1) The carbon trading pricing method based on group decision-making-improved AHP can break through the limitations of fixed pricing and provide decision support for thermal power enterprises to participate in the carbon market. 2) Coupling high and low temperature molten salt thermal storage devices with thermal power units can improve operational economy and environmental protection, verifying the "thermal energy buffering" effect of molten salt thermal storage. 3) The carbon-green collaborative interaction mechanism combined with the optimal energy curtailment rate can promote the low-carbon transition of the power system, and its application needs to be combined with local green certificate trading policies and specific scenarios.

Key words： Group decision- improved AHP carbon-green synergistic interaction cascade utilization thermal energy buffering optimal energy curtailment carbon trading pricing

Received: 13 August 2025

PACS:

TM73

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to my bookshelf
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Articles by authors
	Yang Dongfeng
	Liu Haonan
	Fu Xiaobiao
	Liu Xiaoju
	Jiang Chao

Cite this article:

Yang Dongfeng,Liu Haonan,Fu Xiaobiao等. Employing a Group Decision-Making Enhanced AHP Carbon-Green Synergy Mechanism for Multi-Operating-Mode Energy Dispatch of Thermal Power Units[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 32-.

URL:

https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.251421 OR https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/Y0/V/I/32

[1] 中共中央,国务院.关于完整准确全面贯彻新发展理念做好碳达峰碳中和工作的意见[Z].2021-10-24[2025-05-12].https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2021-10/24/content_5644613.htm.
[2] 中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会.中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会网.《关于加快建设全国统一电力市场体系的指导意见》系列解读[EB/OL].(2022-02-09).https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/fggz/fgzy/xmtjd/202202/t20220209_1314497_ext.html.
[3] 宋民航,黄云,黄骞,等.旋流煤粉燃烧器低负荷稳燃技术探讨[J].中国电机工程学报,2021,41(13):4552-4566.
SONG Minhang,HUANG Yun,HUANG Qian,et a-l.Discussion on Low-load Stable Combustion Technology of Swirl Pulverized-coal Burner[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2021,41(13):4552-4566.
[4] Zhu S,Hui J,Lyu Q,et al.Experimental study on pulverized coal combustion preheated by a circulating fluidized bed:Preheating characteristics for peak shaving[J].Fuel,2022,324:124684
[5] Li X,Zeng L,Zhang N,et al.Effects of the air-staging degree on performances of a supercritical down-fired boiler at low loads:Air/particle flow,combustion,water wall temperature,energy conversion and NOx emissions[J].Fuel,2022,308:121896.
[6] 冯前伟,张杨,王丰吉,等.燃煤机组SCR脱硝超低排放改造前后性能对比分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2020,40(20):6644-6653.
FENG Qianwei,ZHANG Yang,WANG Fengji,et al.Performance Comparison and Analysis Before and After SCR Ultra-low Emission Transformation of Coal-fired Units[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2020,40(20):6644-6653.
[7] 袁雪峰,马进,张芹,等.采用电极式锅炉提高供热机组运行灵活性的研究[J].电力科学与工程,2018,34(10):42-48.
YUAN Xuefeng,MA Jin,ZHANG Qin,et al.Study on improving operation flexibility of heating unit by using electrode boiler[J].Electric Power Science and Engineering,2018,34(10):42-48.
[8] 王小惠,何兆禹,徐超,等.斜温层单罐储热同时蓄放热过程动态特性模拟[J].中国电机工程学报,2019,39(20):5989-5998
WANG Xiaohui,HE Zhaoyu,XU Chao,et al.Dynamic Simulations on Simultaneous Charging/Discharging Process of Water Thermocline Storage Tank[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2019,39(20):5989-5998.
[9] 张显荣,徐玉杰,杨立军,等.多类型火电-储热耦合系统性能分析与比较[J].储能科学与技术,2021,10(5):1565-1578.
ZHANG Xianrong,XU Yujie,YANG Lijun,et al.Performance analysis and comparison of multi-type thermal power-heat storage coupling systems[J].Energy Storage Science and Technology,2021,10(5):1565-1578.
[10] 马子然,周佳丽,马静,等.燃煤电厂脱硝催化剂宽负荷运行的现状与发展[J].中国电机工程学报,2022,42(23):8415-8431.
MA Ziran,ZHOU Jiali,MA Jing,et al.Current Status and Development of Wide-load Operation of SCR Catalysts in Coal-fired Power Plants[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2022,42(23):8415-8431.
[11] Zhao P,Gou F,Xu W,et al.Multi-objective optimization of a hybrid system based on combined heat and compressed air energy storage and electrical boiler for wind power penetration and heat-power decoupling purposes[J].Journal of Energy Storage,2023,58:106353.
[12] 兰贞波,冯万兴,胡军峰,等.基于可变误差多面体算法的储能融合电锅炉提升风电消纳控制技术[J].电力自动化设备,2020,40(05):47-54.
LAN Zhenbo,FENG Wanxing,HU Junfeng,et al.Usage of combined energy storage electric boiler to enhance wind power accommodation based on flexible tolerance polyhedron method[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2020,40(05):47-54.
[13] Zhao P,Gou F,Xu W,et al.Energy, exergy, economic and environmental (4E) analyses of an integrated system based on CH-CAES and electrical boiler for wind power penetration and CHP unit heat-power decoupling in wind enrichment region[J].Energy,2023,263:125917.
[14] 陈乐涵,元一平,万浩,等.考虑集中式光热电站熔盐热力学性质的新型电力系统机组组合模型[J/OL].电网技术,1-12[2025-04-18].
CHEN Lehan,YUAN Yiping,WAN Hao,et al.Enhancement in Unit Commitment for Modern Power Systems Considering Molten Salt Thermodynamic Characteristics of Combined Solar Power Plant [J/OL].Power System Technology,1-12[2025-04-18].
[15] Li R,Tao R,Yao E,et al.Decoupling heat-pressure potential energy of compressed air energy storage system: Using near-isothermal compressing and thermal energy storage[J].Journal of Energy Storage,2023,63:107017.
[16] 冀帅宇,段立强,段朝霞,等.集成储热的光煤互补发电系统灵活运行性能研究[J/OL].中国电机工程学报,1-13[2025-04-18].
JI Shuaiyu,DUAN Liqiang,DUAN Chaoxia,et at.Flexible Operation Performance Study of Solar Aided Coal-Fired Power Generation System Integrated With Thermal Storage Unit [J/OL].Proceedings of the CSEE, 1-13[2025-04-18].
[17] Du R,He Y,Chen H,et al.Performance and economy of trigenerative adiabatic compressed air energy storage system based on multi-parameter analysis[J].Energy,2022, 38:121695.
[18] Cui Y,Jiang K,Wei H,et al.Flexible thermal power units integrated with molten salt thermal storage:Thermal energy distribution active adjustment method and thermodynamic evaluation[J].Journal of Energy Storage,2025,117:115983.
[19] 刘吉臻,王庆华,张效宁,等.支撑我国能源转型的灵活燃煤发电新技术:燃煤耦合储能系统及智能控制系统[J].中国电机工程学报,2024,44(17):6855-6883.
LIU Jizhen,WANG Qinghua,ZHANG Xiaoning,et al.Novel Technologies of Flexible Coal-fired Power Generation to Support China Energy Transition:Coal-fired Coupled Energy Storage System and Smart Control System[J].2024,44(17):6855-6883.
[20] Zhao Y,Liu M,Wang C,et al.Increasing operational flexibility of supercritical coal-fired power plants by regulating thermal system configuration during transient processes[J].Applied Energy,2018,228:2375-2386.
[21] Wei H,Lu Y,Yang Y,et al.Research on influence of steam extraction parameters and operation load on operational flexibility of coal-fired power plant[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2021,195:117226.
[22] Cao R,Lu Y,Yu D,et al.A novel approach to improving load flexibility of coal-fired power plant by integrating high temperature thermal energy storage through additional thermodynamic cycle[J].Applied Thermal Engineering, 2020,173:115225.
[23] 曾光,纪阳,符津铭,等.热储能技术研究现状、热点趋势与应用进展[J].中国电机工程学报,2023,43(S1):127-142.
ZENG Guang,JI Yang,FU Jinming,et al.Research Status,Hot Trends and Application Progress of Thermal Energy Storage Technology[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2023,43(S1):127-142.
[24] 陈俊先,贾燕冰,韩肖清,等.考虑需求侧碳交易机制的多微能网分布式协同优化调度[J].电网技术,2023,47(6):2196-2207.
CHEN Junxian,JIA Hanbing,HAN Xiaoqing,et al.Distributed Coordinated Optimal Scheduling of Multi-micro Integrated Energy Systems Considering Demand-side Carbon Trading Mechanism[J].Power System Technology,2023,47(6):2196-2207.
[25] 卢佳富,梁宁,徐慧慧,等.动态碳-绿证交易交互机制下多综合能源系统协调优化调度[J].电力系统自动化,2025,49(09):52-60.
LU Jiafu,LIANG Ning,XU Huihui,et al.Coordinated Optimal Dispatch of Multiple Integrated Energy Systems Under Dynamic Carbon-Green Certificate Trading Interaction Mechanism[J].Automation of Electric Power System,2025,49(09):52-60.
[26] 陈景文,叶鹏程,刘耀先,等.基于阶梯碳交易的含碳捕集与高耗能负荷的虚拟电厂优化调度[J/OL].电网技术,1-17[2025-04-19].
CHEN Jingwen,YE Pengcheng,LIU Yaoxian,et al.Optimization Dispatch of Virtual Power Plant with Carbon Capture and High-Energy-Consumption Loads Based on Stepped Carbon Trading[J/OL].Power System Technology,1-17[2025-04-19].
[27] 乐生铜,张亚超,朱蜀,等.考虑低碳需求响应的碳捕集燃煤电厂配置-运行协同优化[J].电力自动化设备,2024,44(07):278-286.
LE Shengtong,ZHANG Yaachao,ZHU Shu,et al.Collaborative optimization of configuration-operation for coal-fired power plants with carbon capture considering low-carbon demand response[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2024,44(07):278-286.
[28] 王守文,叶金根,徐丽洁,等.计及温控厌氧发酵和阶梯碳交易的农村综合能源低碳经济调度[J].电力系统保护与控制,2024,52(08):88-97.
WANG Shouwen,YE Jingen,XU Lijie,et al.Rural comprehensive energy low-carbon economic dispatch taking into account temperature controlled anaerobic fermentation and ladder carbon trading[J].Power System Protection and Control,2024,52(08):88-97.
[29] 彭元,娄素华,范越,等.考虑火电机组储热改造的电力系统低碳经济调度[J].电网技术,2020,44(09):3339-3345.
PENG Yuan,LOU Suhua,FAN Yue,et al.Low-carbon Economical Dispatch of Power System Considering Thermal Energy Storage in Thermal Power Units[J].Power System Technology,2020,44(09):3339-3345.
[30] 刘天阳,舒印彪,毕天姝,等.考虑熔盐储热耦合火电机组改造的沙戈荒新能源基地混合储能优化配置方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2026,46(02):478-492.
LIU Tianyang,SHU Yinbiao,BI Tianshu,et al.Optimization Configuration Method of Hybrid Energy Storage for Desert-gobi-wasteland New Energy Base Considering Retrofit of Molten Salt Heat Storage Coupled with Thermal Power Unit[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2026,46(02):478-492.
[31] 李姚旺,张世旭,杨晨,等.考虑绿电与绿证交易的实时用电碳核算方法[J/OL].中国电机工程学报,1-12[2024-12-26].
LI Yaowang,ZHANG Shixu,YANG Chen,et al.Real-time Carbon Emission Accounting Method Considering Green Electricity and Green Certificate Transactions[J/OL].Proceedings of the CSEE,1-12[2024-12-26].
[32] 杨冬锋,刘厚伟,孙勇,等.考虑绿证交易机制与碳捕集电厂深度调峰补偿的多主体联合调峰优化调度[J].电网技术,2024,48(01):100-112.
YANG Dongfeng,LIU Houwei,SUN Yong,et al.Considering the Green Certificate Trading Mechanism and the Deep Peak Regulation Compensation of Carbon Capture Power Plant,A Multi-agent Joint Peak Regulation Optimal Scheduling[J].Power System Technology,2024,48(01):100-112.
[33] 崔杨,沈卓,王铮,等.考虑绿证-碳排等价交互机制的区域综合能源系统绿色调度[J].中国电机工程学报,2023,43(12):4508-4517.
CUI Yang,SHEN Zhuo,WANG Zheng,et al.Green Dispatch of Regional Integrated Energy System Considering Green Certificate-carbon Emission Equivalent Interaction Mechanism[J].Proceedings of the CSEE, 2023,43(12):4508-4517.
[34] Chang X,Wu Z,Wang J,et al.The coupling effect of carbon emission trading and tradable green certificates under electricity marketization in China[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2023,187:113750.
[35] 王坤,徐程炜,文福拴,等.绿色证书交易下可再生能源参与现货市场的过渡机制[J].电力系统自动化,2023, 47(14):1-11.
WANG Kun,XU Chengwei,WEN FUshuan,et al.Transition Mechanism for Renewable Energy Participation in Electricity Spot Market Considering Green Certificate Trading[J].Automation of Electric Power System,2023,47(14):1-11.
[36] Yan Q,Ai X,Li J.Low-carbon economic dispatch based on a CCPP-P2G virtual power plant considering carbon trading and green certificates[J].Sustainability,2021,13(22):12423.
[37] Zhang J,Liu Z.Low carbon economic dispatching model for a virtual power plant connected to carbon capture system considering green certificates-carbon trading mechanism[J].Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments,2023,60:103575.
[38] 刘晓军,熊健,王艺博,等.考虑不确定变量变分模态分解及绿证-碳联合交易的综合能源系统经济优化调度[J].电工技术学报,2025,40(13):4276-4291.
LIU Xiaojun,XIONG Jian,WANG Yibo,et al.Economic Optimization of Integrated Energy System Scheduling Considering Uncertainty Variables VMD and Green Certificate-Carbon Joint Trading[J].Journal of Electrical Technology,2025,40(13):4276-4291.
[39] 崔杨,沈卓,王铮,等.考虑绿证-碳排等价交互机制的区域综合能源系统绿色调度[J].中国电机工程学报,2023,43(12):4508-4517.
CUI Yang,SHEN Zhuo, WANG Zheng,et al.Green Dispatch of Regional Integrated Energy System Considering Green Certificate-carbon Emission Equivalent Interaction Mechanism[J].Proceedings of the CSEE.2023,43(12):4508-4517.
[40] 洪芦诚,王梓萩,林今,等.电-碳-绿证市场背景下电氢协同典型形态及参与模式研究综述[J].电工技术学报,2025,40(23):7498-7514.
Hong Lucheng,Wang Ziqiu,Lin Jin,et al.A Review of Typical Forms and Participation Models of Electricity Hydrogen Synergy in the Context of Electricity-Carbon-Green Certificate Markets[J].Journal of Electrical Technology,2025,40(23):7498-7514.
[41] Wang T,Zhang Y,Peng Z,et al.A review of researches on thermal exhaust heat recovery with Rankine cycle[J].Renewable and sustainable energy reviews,2011,15(6):2862-2871.
[42] 李军徽,潘雅慧,穆钢,等.高比例风电系统中储能集群辅助火电机组调峰分层优化控制策略[J].电工技术学报,2025,40(07):2127-2145.
LI Junhui,PAN Yahui,MU Gang,et al.Hierarchical Optimal Control Strategy for Storage Cluster-Assisted Thermal Unit Peaking in High-Ratio Wind Power System[J].Journal of Electrical Technology,2025,40(07):2127-2145.
[43] 胡俊杰,陈泉希,潘羿.面向快速响应与可调能力恢复的储能系统实时调度-再调度策略[J/OL].电工技术学报,1-15[2026-02-15].
Hu Junjie,Chen Quanxi,Pan Yi.Real-Time Scheduling-Rescheduling Strategy of Energy Storage System for Fast Response and Adjustable Capacity Restoration[J].Journal of Electrical Technology,1-15[2026-02-15].
[44] Amir M,Deshmukh R G,Khalid H M,et al.Energy storage technologies:An integrated survey of developments,global economical/environmental effects,optimal scheduling model,and sustainable adaption policies[J].Journal of Energy Storage,2023,72:108694.
[45] 赵黎媛,李辉,张献,等.基于变工况碳流模型的综合能源园区源-荷双侧协同优化研究[J/OL].电工技术学报,1-16[2026-02-15].
Zhao Liyuan,Li Hui,Zhang Xian,et al.Source-Load Bilateral Coordination Optimization of Park-Level Integrated Energy System Based on Off-Design Carbon Flow Model[J].Journal of Electrical Technology,1-16[2026-02-15].
[46] Patrick Bolton,Marcin Kacperczyk.Do investors care about carbon risk?Journal of Financial Economics, Volume 142,Issue 2,2021,Pages 517-549.
[47] JOHNSON M K,LEE S.Carbon Markets:A Risk Assessment for Institutional Investors[M].New York:Cambridge University Press,2025.
[48] Xuefeng Zhang,Zhe Li,Guo Li,Grandfather-based or benchmark-based:Strategy choice for carbon quota allocation methods in the carbon neutrality era,Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,Volume 192,2024.