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| A Narrow-Pulse Suppression Method Integrating Neutral-Point Voltage Control for Three-Level H-Bridge Converters |
| Zou Weier1,2, Hu Liangdeng2, Liu Zicheng1, Long Qijie2, Lei Shuo2 |
1. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China;
2. National Key Laboratory for Electromagnetic Energy Naval University of Engineering Wuhan 430033 China |
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Abstract To meet the stringent requirements of ship propulsion for stealth performance, this paper focuses on the strong coupling between narrow-pulse suppression (NPS) and neutral-point balance (NPB) control in medium-voltage and high-voltage three-level twelve-phase H-bridge inverters. A coordinated control strategy is proposed, which reconstructs the modulation wave by optimizing the NPS threshold and collaboratively adjusting the NPB regulation direction. This strategy not only effectively achieves NPS but also accurately maintains NPB. In addition, the effects of NPS (before and after optimization) on the vibration of multiphase open-winding motors are revealed.
Firstly, the causes of narrow pulses and the influence of switching states on neutral-point voltage balance are introduced. An NPB regulator is proposed based on a mathematical model and a PI controller. The coupling relationship between the traditional fixed-value elimination method for narrow pulses and the NPB regulator is analyzed. A narrow pulse compensation method for three-level H-bridge inverters considering NPB control is put forward: by injecting a reasonable threshold offset into the left and right bridge arms and determining the injection direction in combination with the neutral point voltage regulation amount, coordinated control that takes both NPS and NPB into account is realized while maintaining the sinusoidal output of the three-level H-bridge.
Secondly, a mathematical model of low-frequency harmonics for the traditional narrow-pulse elimination strategy is established using double Fourier analysis, revealing the law of induced voltage and current harmonics under low modulation indexes. From the perspective of the current vector sum, the harmonic components of (24n±1) times the electrical fundamental frequency are the key factors driving low-frequency vibration and noise.
Then, a closed-loop control simulation model of a 12-phase open-winding induction motor is built in Matlab/Simulink. Compared with the traditional fixed-threshold method, the proposed strategy effectively reduces low-order harmonics as well as the 23rd and 25th harmonics in the output voltage and current. Meanwhile, the corresponding current vector sums are reduced from 0.05 A and 0.022 A to 0.008 A and 0.01 A, respectively.
Finally, verification is carried out using a 25 kW three-level, twelve-phase H-bridge variable-frequency multiphase motor simulation model and an experimental platform. The results show that the proposed method reduces the vibration acceleration at 24 times the fundamental frequency by 21.5 dB and the neutral-point voltage fluctuation amplitude by 48%.
The proposed method enables three-level H-bridge inverters to account for both NPS and NPB, offering a new approach to suppressing low-frequency harmonics, vibration, and noise in H-bridge-type three-level multiphase motor systems.
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Received: 21 May 2025
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2026, Vol. 41 
