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| Multi Phase Interleaved DC-DC Converter Under Phase Inductance Deviation Current Reconstruction Strategy |
| Wang Tao1,2, Zhao Congsen1, Tan Changcheng3, Xiang Heda4 |
1. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Chongqing University of Technology Chongqing 400054 China;
2. Chongqing Energy Internet Engineering Technology Research Center Chongqing University of Technology Chongqing 400054 China;
3. Chongqing Tsingshan Industrial Chongqing 400054 China;
4. State Grid Sichuan Extra High Voltage Company Chengdu 610000 China |
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Abstract Current reconstruction strategies based on a single current sensor are critical for achieving current-sharing control in multi-phase interleaved parallel DC-DC converters. Traditional reconstruction methods are effective only within specific duty cycle ranges in continuous conduction mode (CCM), ignoring the impact of phase inductance deviations on reconstruction accuracy. This paper proposes a novel current reconstruction strategy that considers the inductance deviations for multi-phase interleaved parallel DC-DC converters. It achieves the accurate phase current reconstruction in the entire duty cycle range for both CCM and discontinuous conduction mode (DCM), filling the gap in DCM current reconstruction algorithms.
First, this paper analyzes the principles of current reconstruction for multi-phase interleaved parallel DC-DC converters. The relationship between DC-link and phase currents under different duty cycles is discussed, and the impact of phase inductance deviation on existing methods is analyzed. It shows that a 20% inductance deviation can result in up to an 18% reconstruction current error. Consequently, this paper analyzes the factors affecting inductance values, including manufacturing processes and inductance coefficients. Then, the reconstruction strategy for multi-phase interleaved parallel DC-DC converters under both CCM and DCM with phase inductance deviations is investigated. In CCM, when the duty cycle is less than 2/3, there are instances where the DC-link current equals the average phase current. Thus, the reconstruction of the average phase current is directly obtained by sampling the DC-link current at those moments, which is independent of the inductance. When the duty cycle is greater than 2/3, an online inductance estimation model is developed based on the voltage-current characteristics of the inductors. The current reconstruction expression comprises two parts: an inductance- independent term calculated directly from the sampled DC-link current and an inductance-dependent term calculated by the estimated inductance values and sampled DC-link current. In DCM, current reconstruction results in the entire duty cycle range depend on inductance. Hence, an inductance estimation model for DCM is constructed to calculate phase inductances, eliminating the impact of inductance deviations on the reconstructed currents and ensuring the accurate phase current reconstruction under inductance deviations in DCM.
An experimental platform based on a three-phase interleaved parallel DC-DC converter was built. The experimental results indicate that this strategy achieves current reconstruction under 20% inductance deviation in both CCM and DCM, with steady-state errors within 3%. Moreover, the reconstruction strategy shows good dynamic performance in open-loop and closed-loop control. Additionally, this paper analyzes the impact of non-ideal factors, such as switching frequency and sampling delay time, on the real-time performance, stability, and the proposed reconstruction strategy. Analytical and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve attractive performance characteristics in current reconstruction, dynamic performance, and current-sharing control for multi-phase interleaved parallel DC-DC converters.
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Received: 07 June 2024
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2025, Vol. 40 
