|
|
|
| Low-Frequency Pulse Power Active Suppression Method Based on Voltage Compensation for Airborne Pulse Loads |
| Zhang Zuoqian1, Yang Fan2, Jin Xin1,3, Xing Yan1, Wu Hongfei1 |
1. Center for More Electric Aircraft Power System Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 China;
2. College of Automation Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing 210023 China;
3. Aviation Industry Corporation of China Leihua Electronic Technology Research Institute Wuxi 214125 China |
|
|
|
Abstract The high peak-to-average ratio of low-frequency pulse power loads seriously affects the safe and stable operation of airborne power supply systems. The conventional approach requires stacking numerous energy storage capacitors due to the DC bus voltage ripple limitation, which substantially increases the system’s volume. Although current active pulse power suppression method can reduce the required capacitance by increasing voltage fluctuations, the considerable power ratings and additional power processing stages of active suppression circuits impact system efficiency significantly.
This paper presents a low-frequency pulse power active suppression method based on voltage compensation. The active suppression circuit is inserted between the DC bus and the energy storage capacitor Cd. By compensating for the voltage difference between Cd and DC bus with the output voltage vs of the active suppression circuit, the voltage range of Cd is not constrained by the DC bus, allowing for a reduction in Cd. Since the active suppression circuit only compensates for capacitor voltage fluctuations, its power rating and losses are much smaller than the average power of pulse loads, which greatly reduces the volume, weight, and losses. The active suppression circuit takes power from the DC bus. Considering that its input and output terminals are non-common ground and have a wide output voltage range, the LLC-DC transformer (DCX) cascaded Buck converter is chosen for the active suppression circuit. The LLC-DCX functions operate in an open loop as a high- frequency DC transformer, and a dual-loop control strategy is implemented for the Buck converter. The outer voltage loop adjusts the voltage fluctuation range of Cd, while the inner current loop suppresses the input current ripple.
The design guidelines for key parameters are also presented, with size and efficiency as the main considerations. The size of the power supply is influenced by Cd, while the power rating of the active suppression circuit affects system efficiency. Therefore, a detailed study of both aspects is conducted. The results reveal that once the load is determined, Cd decreases as the voltage fluctuation Δvd increases, and the decreasing rate gradually slows. Additionally, the power rating of the active suppression circuit increases linearly with the average voltage Vdav and Δvd. The lower limit of Vdav is also affected by Δvd to ensure that the output voltage of the Buck converter remains positive. Therefore, a balance must be achieved between Vdav and Δvd to optimize capacitance and power rating.
An experimental prototype is constructed. The experimental results are consistent with the theoretical analysis, and the active suppression circuit effectively regulates the voltage fluctuation range of Cd and suppresses the input current. Efficiency tests reveal that the active suppression scheme maintains an efficiency above 98.1% throughout the entire range, with a peak efficiency reaching 99.1%. This scheme is compared with existing active suppression schemes, showing clear advantages. In addition, results from various literature are normalized and compared.
|
|
Received: 08 May 2024
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] 严鋆, 王金全, 黄克峰, 等. 脉冲功率负载等效拓扑及潮流计算模型分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2018, 33(23): 5523-5531.
Yan Jun, Wang Jinquan, Huang Kefeng, et al.Analysis of equivalent topology and power-flow calculation model for pulsed power load[J]. Transa- ctions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2018, 33(23): 5523-5531.
[2] 王勇, 王谱宇, 杨永亮, 等. 带脉冲恒功率负载储能系统的无源控制方法[J/OL]. 电工技术学报: 1-16 [2024-07-31].https://doi.org/10.19595/j.cnki.10006753.tces.240410.
Wang Yong, Wang Puyu, Yang Yongliang, et al.Passive control method for energy storage system with pulse constant power load[J/OL]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society: 1-16[2024-07-31].https://doi.org/10.19595/j.cnki.10006753.tces.240410.
[3] Salehi V, Mirafzal B, Mohammed O.Pulse-load effects on ship power system stability[C]//IECON 2010-36th Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, Glendale, AZ, USA, 2010: 3353-3358.
[4] 甄洪斌, 张晓锋, 沈兵, 等. 脉冲负荷对舰船综合电力系统的冲击作用研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2006, 26(12): 85-88.
Zhen Hongbin, Zhang Xiaofeng, Shen Bing, et al.Research on impact of pulsed power loads on naval integrated power system[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2006, 26(12): 85-88.
[5] 李文辉. 某型直升机交流发电机断轴故障分析及改进[J]. 直升机技术, 2016(4): 51-53.
Li Wenhui.A certain type of helicopter alternator broken shaft failure analysis and improvement[J]. Helicopter Technique, 2016(4): 51-53.
[6] Dillon J A, Weaver W W, Robinett R D, et al.Electro-mechanical-thermal performance and stability of aircraft energy networks with pulse power loads[J]. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 2020, 56(4): 2537-2547.
[7] 王萌, 黄细霞, 孙程. 面向脉冲负载的基于超级电容储能UPQC设计及控制策略研究[J]. 电源学报, 2024, 22(2): 231-241.
Wang Meng, Huang Xixia, Sun Cheng.Research on design and control strategy for UPQC based on super- capacitor energy storage for pulse load[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2024, 22(2): 231-241.
[8] Sun Lei, Huang Wentao, Li Ran, et al.Capacity and pulsed power system[J]. IEEE Transactions on Indu- strial Electronics, 2023, 70(1): 322-333.
[9] 张佐乾, 吴红飞, 杨帆, 等. 高峰均比脉冲功率独立电源系统关键技术研究综述[J]. 电气工程学报, 2023, 18(1): 43-55.
Zhang Zuoqian, Wu Hongfei, Yang Fan, et al.Overview of key technologies for independent power supply systems with high peak-to-average ratio pulse power loads[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2023, 18(1): 43-55.
[10] Wang Shu, Ruan Xinbo, Yao Kai, et al.A flicker-free electrolytic capacitor-less AC-DC LED driver[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2012, 27(11): 4540-4548.
[11] 王立乔, 陈建医, 程超然, 等. 单级单相无电解电容Buck-Boost逆变器[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(24): 6768-6781.
Wang Liqiao, Chen Jianyi, Cheng Chaoran, et al.A single-stage single-phase Buck-Boost inverter without electrolytic capacitor[J]. Transactions of China Elec- trotechnical Society, 2023, 38(24): 6768-6781.
[12] 刘永露, 袁银浩, 王辉, 等. 模块化解耦电路的协同控制策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(10): 3118-3128.
Liu Yonglu, Yuan Yinhao, Wang Hui, et al.Collaborative control strategy of modular decoupling circuit[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(10): 3118-3128.
[13] 何海泉, 林国庆, 徐心靖. 基于LCL恒流谐振网络的无电解电容LED驱动电路研究[J]. 电源学报, 2023, 21(2): 72-81.
He Haiquan, Lin Guoqing, Xu Xinjing.Research on electrolytic capacitor-less LED drive circuit based on LCL constant-current resonant network[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2023, 21(2): 72-81.
[14] Fang Peng, Liu Yanfei, Sen P C.A flicker-free single-stage offline LED driver with high power factor[J]. IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, 2015, 3(3): 654-665.
[15] 杨帆, 李林, 朱建鑫, 等. 面向高峰均比低频脉冲功率负载的脉冲电流补偿器及其控制方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(16): 4193-4201.
Yang Fan, Li Lin, Zhu Jianxin, et al.A pulsed current compensator and control strategy for high peak- to-average-ratio low frequency pulsed load[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(16): 4193-4201.
[16] Zhu Jianxin, Wu Hongfei, Li Lin, et al.Modified T-type three-level AC-DC converter based multi- functional compensator for three-phase AC power system with low-frequency pulsed load[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2022, 69(12): 11844-11855.
[17] Huang Xinze, Ruan Xinbo, Du Fangjun, et al.A pulsed power supply adopting active capacitor converter for low-voltage and low-frequency pulsed loads[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2018, 33(11): 9219-9230.
[18] Ren Xiaoyong, Bai Lei, Chen Yu, et al.Single-phase AC-DC converter with SiC power pulsation buffer for pulse load applications[J]. IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, 2020, 8(1): 517-528.
[19] Yang Ping, Chen Xi, Hu Fuping, et al.Hybrid decoupling controlled active power compensator for the ultralow-frequency pulse load with reversed power application[J]. IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, 2023, 11(6): 5774-5784.
[20] Gao Xun, Wu Hongfei, Gao Shang, et al.A two-stage pulsed power supply for low-DC-voltage and low- frequency pulsed-current loads[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2021, 36(2): 2298-2309.
[21] Yao Yu, Kulothungan G S, Krishnamoorthy H S, et al.GaN-based two-stage converter with high power density and fast response for pulsed load appli- cations[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Elec- tronics, 2022, 69(10): 10035-10044.
[22] Xu Ye, Ruan Xinbo, Huang Xinze, et al.A two-stage pulsed power supply with ultra-fast dynamic response and low input current ripple for low-frequency pulsed loads[C]//2021 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2021: 3068-3072.
[23] Zhang Zuoqian, Du Yiru, Yu Haitao, et al.Inverse charge constant on-time control with output current feedforward for superimposed pulse power supply[C]//2022 IEEE International Power Electronics and Application Conference and Exposition (PEAC), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, 2022: 469-473.
[24] 张佐乾, 吴红飞, 杨帆, 等. 基于部分功率调控的有源-无源电容分裂叠加式高峰均比低频脉冲功率平抑方法[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2023, 43(3): 1154-1163.
Zhang Zuoqian, Wu Hongfei, Yang Fan, et al.Partial power regulation-based high peak-to-average-ratio low-frequency pulse power suppression method with split active-passive capacitors superposition[J]. Pro- ceedings of the CSEE, 2023, 43(3): 1154-1163.
[25] 徐鑫雨. 超宽电压范围模块化可重构直流电源系统研究[D]. 南京: 南京航空航天大学, 2022.
Xu Xinyu.Research on modular reconfigurable DC power supply system with ultra wide voltage range[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2022.
[26] Takagi M, Shimizu K, Zaitsu T.Ultra high efficiency of 95% for DC/DC converter-considering theoretical limitation of efficiency[C]//APEC Seventeenth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (Cat. No.02CH37335), Dallas, TX, USA, 2002: 735-741. |
|
|
|
2025, Vol. 40 
