结构功能一体化储能系统监测与管理综述

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.242172

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Abstract Novel energy storage systems represented by lithium-ion batteries, which is characterized by high energy utilization efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and environmental sustainability, have occupied a dominant position in the fields of new energy vehicles and energy storage industries, However, with the increasing requirement for capacity and safety performance, energy storage systems are facing with many challenges, including limited specific capacity of electrode materials, insufficient reliability of electrolytes, and low efficiency in operation and maintenance management. Structural-functional integrated technology has been introduced into the energy storage system to achieve high energy density, safe operation, and intelligent management simultaneously. Therefore, this paper reviewsstructural-functional integrated technology from three aspects of material, individual battery cell, and energy storage system.
Firstly, the paper introduces basic structural material of structural-functional integrated battery (referred to as structural battery) and reviews the development of critical components in structural batteries through the lens of intrinsic material properties and multi-scale micro-structural design. In addition, the coupling mechanisms between mechanical integrity and electrochemical functionality in energy storage systems are elucidated, with particular emphasis on the regulatory role of composite material architectures. Structural battery systems have two fundamental advantages. On the one hand, the structural battery enables direct integration into load-bearing components, such as electric vehicle chassis and aerospace fuselages, transcending the conventional paradigm of decoupled energy-storage and structural-support functionalities. On the other hand, the multifunctional electrolyte demonstrates concurrent thermal stability and mechanical robustness, addressing thermal runaway and mechanical deformation through a unified material solution simultaneously.
Secondly, the paper concentrates on critical physical signals in electrochemical energy storage systems and analyzes in-situ monitoring technology and integrated sensor design architectures for an individual battery cell. Three principal sensing technologies—temperature, strain/stress, and optical sensor—are evaluated by comparing technological difficulty, identification accuracy, monitoring range, and cost. At the same time, the application domains of sensing technologies are analyzed in real energy storage monitoring scenarios. Furthermore, sensor selection strategy encompassing both quantity and modality is investigated to optimize system configurations while preventing data overload and computational resource wastage.
This paper presents an intelligent energy storage management system that integrates advanced sensing technologies, signal processing technology, and data fusion algorithms. The core of the systems is to use multi-dimensional sensors to monitor internal signals within the energy storage systems. The multi-dimensional sensing signals are transmitted to a data processing unit, where high-precision state estimation and safety early-warning algorithms are developed based on these signals. As a result, the high reliability and safety of the energy storage systems can be ensured.
Finally, the key issues that need to be addressed in the development of structural-functional integrated technology have been summarized from the aspects of novel material development, intelligent monitoring of conditions, and operation and maintenance management. It is expected that structural-functional integrated technology will find broader applications in the future and promote the development of novel energy storage systems.

Key words： Structural-functional integration structural batteries condition monitoring intelligent management

Received: 02 December 2024

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TM912

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	Zhang Xian
	Huang Feipeng
	Luo Yaohui
	Xu Zhicheng
	Jiang Kai

Cite this article:

Zhang Xian,Huang Feipeng,Luo Yaohui等. Overview of Energy Storage System Monitoring and Management Based on Structural-Functional Integration[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2025, 40(24): 8136-8155.

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https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.242172 OR https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/Y2025/V40/I24/8136

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