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| Control Strategy of Bidirectional DC-DC Converter for Energy Storage Battery |
| Yue Gaili1, Zhang Zhe1, Du Gaunghui1, Xu Zhenzhen1, Yao Jiadong2 |
1. College of Electrical and Control Engineering Xi' an University of Science and Technology Xi' an 710054 China; ;
2. Shaanxi Lingyun Technology Co. Ltd Xi' an 710119 China |
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Abstract Due to the advantages of high power density, low current ripple, and small system size, three-phase interleaved parallel Buck-Boost converters are widely used in energy storage, distributed generation, and other fields. However, because of the inconsistency of parasitic parameters between the parallel modules during the operation of the converter, the current of each phase is unbalanced. This paper proposes a current sharing control method based on sliding mode control and model predictive control (SMC-MPC). Finally, simulation and experiment verify the effectiveness of the proposed control method.
Firstly, the characteristics of the three-phase interleaved parallel Buck-Boost converter in Buck and Boost modes and the main waveforms of the circuit when the duty cycle is greater than 2/3 in Boost mode are analyzed. The current and voltage ripple expressions in the full-duty cycle range of the converter in different working modes are given. The discrete state space equations in the two modes are obtained by deriving the continuous state space equations of the single-phase Buck-Boost converter in different operating modes. Then, this paper constructs the objective evaluation function, substitutes the obtained state-space equation into the objective evaluation function, and minimizes the evaluation function. As a result, the optimal duty cycle expression of the converter under the control of predictive control in different working modes is obtained, and the balanced control of the current of each phase is achieved by the duty cycle compensation method.
Secondly, the principle of sliding mode control is analyzed for the voltage outer loop. The instantaneous inductance current and steady-state current deviation, the output voltage deviation, and the integral of the output voltage deviation are selected as the sliding mode control state variables. Then, the sliding mode surface is established. The sliding coefficient is determined, and the reference expression of the inductance current is obtained according to the accessibility principle of sliding mode control. Thus, the converter can improve the system's response speed under the premise of current sharing in the entire duty cycle range, which has strong anti-interference ability.
Finally, a simulation platform was built based on Matlab/Simulink simulation software, and an experimental prototype with 500 W power was made. The results show that the proposed SMC-MPC current sharing control strategy can achieve the balanced control of inductance current across the entire duty cycle and different operating modes, significantly improving the current sharing accuracy. In addition, when the load is disturbed, both the three-phase inductor's current sharing and rapid output current stabilization can be achieved. Compared with the PI-MPC control strategy, the response time to steady state is significantly faster, and its overshoot is reduced considerably, reflecting stronger robustness.
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Received: 11 October 2024
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2025, Vol. 40 
