基于四矩形正交线圈的无线电能传输系统混合式补偿拓扑优化及其抗偏移性

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.242124

Abstract
Figure/Table
References
Related Citation (15)

Download: PDF (6156 KB) HTML (1 KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract For the wireless charging systems for electric vehicles (EVs), the misalignment phenomenon due to inaccurate parking is the most significant issue, which causes non-negligible negative impacts on the power efficiency and amount. That is because the positional misalignment between coils leads to significant changes in parameters such as mutual inductance, which in turn causes dramatic fluctuations in the system’s output voltage and efficiency. It potentially prevents the system from functioning correctly or even damages it. Therefore, research on the anti-misalignment capability of EV wireless charging systems is crucial. Current research focuses on high-frequency inverter control, coupling mechanism design, and compensation topology design. However, these methods fail to maintain a constant output voltage when both coil misalignment and large variations in load occur. This paper proposes a novel hybrid compensation topology based on the QRQP coil.
This paper uses finite element simulation software to investigate a QRQP coil and its misalignment and coupling characteristics. To reduce output voltage fluctuations caused by coil misalignment and large variations in load, a novel hybrid topology is introduced based on the QRQP coil. This topology leverages the principle of opposing output characteristics between S-LCC, LCC-S, LCC-LCC, and SS topologies. Detailed design guidelines for the parameters and optimization strategies are proposed. Meanwhile, the system’s anti- misalignment capability under different parameter selections is analyzed. Finally, optimal system parameters are selected and analyzed. The optimized system can maintain a constant output voltage under various misalignment angles and load variations within a specific range. When the receiving coil is removed, the primary-side current can be effectively limited, which ensures the system's safety.
The proposed topology has been validated through a 1 kW laboratory prototype. Experimental results show that when the load resistance varies from 20 Ω to 100 Ω, the system maintains output voltage fluctuations of less than 5% under X-axis misalignment from -140 mm to +140 mm, Y-axis misalignment from -105 mm to +105 mm, and diagonal misalignment along the XY-axis from -200 mm to +200 mm. When the load resistance varies from 20 Ω to 100 Ω and the coils’ vertical distance changes from -35 mm to 70 mm, the output voltage fluctuation can be kept within 8%. Furthermore, since the system exhibits capacitive behavior after misalignment and has no compensating inductance, it can operate with high efficiency. Analysis under extreme conditions shows that when the receiving coil is removed, the optimized hybrid topology effectively limits the primary-side current surge, preventing system damage.
The following conclusions can be drawn. (1) The proposed optimization theory for the novel hybrid topology is consistent with the experimental results. (2) The optimized hybrid compensation topology based on the QRQP coil can effectively reduce output voltage fluctuations when coil misalignment and large variations in load occur simultaneously. (3) When removing the receiving coil, the optimized hybrid topology effectively limits the primary-side current surge, preventing system damage.

Key words： Wireless power transfer coil structure hybrid topology misalignment tolerance

Received: 27 November 2024

PACS:

TM724

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to my bookshelf
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Articles by authors
	Liu Xu
	Cao Yupeng
	Xia Chenyang
	Yang Longyue

Cite this article:

Liu Xu,Cao Yupeng,Xia Chenyang等. Optimization of Hybrid Compensation Topology and Anti-Offset Performance of Wireless Power Transfer System Based on QRQP Coil[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2025, 40(12): 3828-3841.

URL:

https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.242124 OR https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/Y2025/V40/I12/3828

[1] 贾舒然, 段善旭, 陈昌松, 等. 实现效率优化的无线电能传输系统双侧多周期不对称电压激励方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(17): 4597-4609.
Jia Shuran, Duan Shanxu, Chen Changsong, et al.Dual-side multi-period asymmetrical voltage excitation control for wireless power transfer system for efficiency optimization[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(17): 4597-4609.
[2] 周玮, 高侨, 陈泽林, 等. 基于同侧解耦型电场耦合机构的多发射多接收无线电能传输系统[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(18): 4811-4822.
Zhou Wei, Gao Qiao, Chen Zelin, et al.Multi-transmit and multi-receive wireless power trans-mission system based on same-side decoupling electric field coupling mechanism[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(18): 4811-4822.
[3] 谭平安, 许文浩, 上官旭, 等. 无线电能传输系统中组合串绕六边形线圈的互感建模及参数优化[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(9): 2299-2309.
Tan Ping’an, Xu Wenhao, Shangguan Xu, et al.Mutual inductance modeling and parameter optimi-zation of wireless power transfer system with combined series-wound hexagonal coils[J]. Transa-ctions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(9): 2299-2309.
[4] 陈阳, 杨斌, 彭云尔, 等. 感应式无线电能传输系统抗偏移技术研究综述[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2023, 43(14): 5537-5557.
Chen Yang, Yang Bin, Peng Yuner, et al.Review of anti-misalignment technology in inductive wireless power transfer system[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2023, 43(14): 5537-5557.
[5] 夏晨阳, 任刚, 韩毅, 等.基于正交DD线圈副边去耦合干扰的双负载无线电能传输系统[J]. 电源学报, 2023, 21(6): 161-167.
Xia Chenyang, Ren Gang, Han Yi, et al.Double-load wireless power transfer system with secondary-side interference decoupling based on orthogonal DD coil[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2023, 21(6): 161-167.
[6] 朱郭福, 李建贵, 王隆扬, 等. 电动汽车动态无线充电系统弯道互感跌落研究及改进[J]. 电源学报, 2024, 22(4): 228-235.
Zhu Guofu, Li Jiangui, Wang Longyang, et al.Research and improvement of mutual inductance drop at corner in dynamic wireless charging system for electric vehicles[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2024, 22(4): 228-235.
[7] 葛凯梁, 仇钧, 朱海. 基于中继线圈的电动汽车静态无线充电系统抗偏移性能提升研究[J]. 电源学报, 2023, 21(6): 35-42.
Ge Kailiang, Qiu Jun, Zhu Hai.Research on improvement of anti-misalignment capacity of static wireless charging system for electric vehicles based on relay coil[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2023, 21(6): 35-42.
[8] 谢诗云, 杨奕, 李恋, 等. 基于双极性耦合磁场调控的高抗偏移偏转无线电能传输系统[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(18): 4838-4852.
Xie Shiyun, Yang Yi, Li Lian, et al.Wireless power transfer system with high misalignment tolerance based on bipolar coupling magnetic-field control[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(18): 4838-4852.
[9] Chen Shuxin, Li Hongchang, Tang Yi.Extending the operating region of inductive power transfer systems through dual-side cooperative control[J]. IEEE Transa-ctions on Industrial Electronics, 2020, 67(11): 9302-9312.
[10] Kim M, Joo D M, Lee B K.Design and control of inductive power transfer system for electric vehicles considering wide variation of output voltage and coupling coefficient[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2019, 34(2): 1197-1208.
[11] Li Yanling, Du Hao, He Zhengyou, et al.Robust control for the IPT system with parametric uncer-tainty using LMI pole constraints[J]. IEEE Transa-ctions on Power Electronics, 2020, 35(1): 1022-1035.
[12] Zhang Zhen, Shen Shen, Liang Zhenyan, et al.Dynamic-balancing robust current control for wireless drone-in-flight charging[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2022, 37(3): 3626-3635.
[13] Gati E, Kampitsis G, Manias S.Variable frequency controller for inductive power transfer in dynamic conditions[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Elec-tronics, 2017, 32(2): 1684-1696.
[14] Miller J M, Onar O C, Chinthavali M.Primary-side power flow control of wireless power transfer for electric vehicle charging[J]. IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, 2015, 3(1): 147-162.
[15] Aditya K, Sood V K, Williamson S S.Magnetic characterization of unsymmetrical coil pairs using Archimedean spirals for wider misalignment tolerance in IPT systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Trans-portation Electrification, 2017, 3(2): 454-463.
[16] Zaheer A, Hao Hao, Covic G A, et al.Investigation of multiple decoupled coil primary pad topologies in lumped IPT systems for interoperable electric vehicle charging[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2015, 30(4): 1937-1955.
[17] 李砚玲, 杜浩, 何正友. 基于双D形正交混合拓扑的感应电能传输系统恒流输出研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2020, 40(3): 942-950.
Li Yanling, Du Hao, He Zhengyou.Research on constant current output of inductive power transfer system with double-D quadrature hybrid topology[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2020, 40(3): 942-950.
[18] Zaheer A, Covic G A, Kacprzak D.A bipolar pad in a 10-kHz 300-W distributed IPT system for AGV applications[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2014, 61(7): 3288-3301.
[19] Ahmad A, Alam M S, Mohamed A A S. Design and interoperability analysis of quadruple pad structure for electric vehicle wireless charging application[J]. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 2019, 5(4): 934-945.
[20] 张艺明, 王辉, 沈志伟, 等. 利用混合拓扑实现强抗偏移性能的紧凑型电动汽车无线充电系统[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2022, 42(8): 2979-2986.
Zhang Yiming, Wang Hui, Shen Zhiwei, et al.Misalignment-tolerant compact electric vehicle wire-less charging system by using hybrid topology[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2022, 42(8): 2979-2986.
[21] Villa J L, Sallan J, Sanz Osorio J F, et al. High-misalignment tolerant compensation topology for ICPT systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2012, 59(2): 945-951.
[22] Yao Yousu, Wang Yijie, Liu Xiaosheng, et al.Analysis and design of an S/SP compensated IPT system to minimize output voltage fluctuation versus coupling coefficient and load variation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2018, 67(10): 9262-9272.
[23] Zhao Lei, Thrimawithana D J, Madawala U K.Hybrid bidirectional wireless EV charging system tolerant to pad misalignment[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2017, 64(9): 7079-7086.
[24] Zhao Lei, Thrimawithana D J, Madawala U K, et al.A misalignment-tolerant series-hybrid wireless EV charging system with integrated magnetics[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2019, 34(2): 1276-1285.
[25] Ke Guangjie, Chen Qianhong, Xu Ligang, et al.Analysis and optimization of a double-sided S-LCC hybrid converter for high misalignment tolerance[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2021, 68(6): 4870-4881.
[26] Qu Xiaohui, Yao Yunchang, Wang Dule, et al.A family of hybrid IPT topologies with near load-independent output and high tolerance to pad misalignment[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Elec-tronics, 2020, 35(7): 6867-6877.
[27] Chen Yang, Yang Bin, Zhou Xiaobing, et al.A hybrid inductive power transfer system with misalignment tolerance using quadruple-D quadrature pads[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2020, 35(6): 6039-6049.
[28] Zhang Yiming, Chen Shuxin, Li Xin, et al.Design of high-power static wireless power transfer via mag-netic induction: an overview[J]. CPSS Transactions on Power Electronics and Applications, 2021, 6(4): 281-297.
[29] Rituraj G, Kushwaha B K, Kumar P.A unipolar coil arrangement method for improving the coupling coefficient without ferrite material in wireless power transfer systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Trans-portation Electrification, 2020, 6(2): 497-509.