聚丙烯基薄膜储能的影响机制及优化策略研究进展

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.230391

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Abstract

With the development of power equipment to miniaturization and densification, higher requirements are put forward for the performance indicators of film capacitors such as energy storage, dielectric properties, temperature resistance and lifetime. It also brings many new opportunities and challenges. The breakdown and polarization characteristics, defects, self-healing properties, and regulation methods of biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP) films and their composite films are the momentous factors affecting their energy storage density. The related research progress of BOPP films is summarized as follows:
Firstly, the breakdown in the films depends on the charge transport under the action of electric field and high temperature. Due to the existence of conductive and dielectric loss of the films, the heat accumulation has a significant effect on the breakdown process of the films. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid introducing unnecessary polarization factors or limiting adverse polarization factors. The final evaluation criteria of energy storage effect and breakdown field strength are experimental verification. To save material costs, machine learning and phase-field simulation have played an increasingly important role in functional screening and performance prediction in recent years. However, the factors such as holes, space charge, complex electric field, and incomplete crystallization significantly affect the boundary conditions of the simulation models. These factors lead to discrepancies between machine learning based on phase-field simulation and experiment that need to be addressed in the future.
Secondly, biaxially oriented process is an important part for polypropylene from substrate to thin film. As the thickness of the film decreases, the introduction of defects is inevitable. The unique self-healing properties of metallized polypropylene films are the key to ensure the lifetime of capacitors. The large-scale application of modified technology is how to make up for defects and give consideration to self-healing performance. The advantage of surface modification is that it can be directly processed on commercial films and can be used as a link without having to significantly adjust the film production line. For example, in addition to the advantages of fast processing speed, atmospheric pressure plasma modification technology can also replace corona treatment by grafting specific long chains or depositing and bonding inorganic coatings.
Finally, the upper limit of the energy storage density of the film is closely related to the breakdown field strength and dielectric constant. Appropriate doping ratio and fast processing time are the key to improve performance and reduce cost. The modification methods should take into account the compatibility of organic-inorganic interface, bonding force, mechanical strength, and thickness. When organic doping or interfacial modification is involved, treatment efficiency and by-products need to be focused. The traditional doping is effective in improving the energy storage density of composite films. Due to the mechanical problems, the inorganic doping is difficult to apply to the biaxially oriented process. In-situ inorganic doping can be used to produce thinner films than traditional doping. When the size of inorganic filler is small enough, the composite films involve quantum effect regulation. The corresponding structure-activity relationship also needs to be further explored. The all-organic modification strategies can retain the mechanical properties of the composite film, and some have been used in large-scale industrial production. Although organic modification strategies have significant advantages in improving the high temperature and high mechanical properties of polypropylene, the cost and self-healing properties need to be further considered. Carbon content should be controlled reasonably when selecting high temperature resistant organic compounds for modified polypropylene.
To sum up, high efficiency and low cost modification methods and corresponding mechanisms are summarized from the perspective of industrial production.

Key words： BOPP film energy storage density material modification breakdown self-healing

Received: 31 March 2023

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TM215

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	Zhang Chuansheng
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	Ren Chengyan
	Huang Bangdou
	Xing Zhaoliang
	Shao Tao

Cite this article:

Zhang Chuansheng,Zhang Cheng,Ren Chengyan等. Research Progress on Influence Mechanisms and Optimization Strategies for Energy Storage in Polypropylene-Based Films[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(7): 2193-2213.

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