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| Simulation of an Arterial Scanning Imaging Method Based on Linear Zero Magnetic Field |
| Yang Dan1,2, Wang Yuchen1,2, Li Tianzhao1,2, Xu Bin3, Wu Ying1,2 |
1. College of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang 110819 China;
2. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry Northeastern University Shenyang 110819 China;
3. School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang 110169 China |
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Abstract Cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary artery stenosis and coronary heart disease, have become prominent in human health. Nowadays, existing diagnostic techniques in clinical practice are unsuitable for early cardiovascular disease prediction and monitoring due to trauma, high cost, radiation problems, and operation complexity. In this paper, the coupling electric effect of magnetic field and blood flow is studied, and slow imaging speed caused by an extensive range of uniform magnetic fields is considered. Then, a linear gradient magnetic field for arterial scanning imaging method is proposed.
Firstly, the topology of a combined coil for arterial vascular scanning imaging is proposed for generating a linear gradient magnetic field with a field-free line (FFL) configuration. Secondly, FFL is moved by adjusting the excitation current to realize a two-directional electronic scan of the imaging region. In addition, the curved FFL scanning trajectory is corrected. Then, the numerical simulation model of arterial scanning imaging is established by COMSOL, and the voltage signals of magnetoelectric coupling are solved by the finite element method (FEM). Finally, convolutional neural networks (CNN) are used to realize the nonlinear mapping between the magnetoelectric coupled signals and the vascular information. The coordinates of the center position and the radius of the blood vessel are obtained to reconstruct the arterial vascular image.
When the current amplitude of the gradient coil changes from 8 A to 30 A, the peak value of the magnetic field intensity in the Y-axis z direction varies from 0.024 T to 0.089 T, and the magnetic field gradient increases accordingly. The FFL is generated by superimposing the alternating driving field and the linear gradient magnetic field line. Injecting cosine alternating currents into the driving coil, FFL is electronically scanned in the yz-plane. The translated range of FFL is -30 mm to 40 mm in the y-direction and -20 mm to 25 mm in the z-direction. The CNN is trained by simulation datasets, and nonlinear mapping between the induced voltage signal and the vascular information is established. The average error of the vessel position reconstructed is 1.569 4 mm. The mean squared error (MSE) and correlation coefficient (CC) of the reconstructed vascular radius are 0.054 8 and 0.987 0, respectively.
The proposed topology of the combined coil for generating FFL has shown the potential advantage in real-time imaging of arteries. By adopting the correction coefficient in the gradient coil current, the FFL offset height can be dynamically compensated, and the linear correction of the FFL trajectory has been realized. Using CNN, a nonlinear mapping between the magneto-electric coupling signal of blood flow in linear gradient zero field excitation and the vascular information can be established, thereby obtaining the arterial vessel profile image. However, in the practical design of the imaging system, several factors must be considered, such as coil turns, coil group geometry, FFL translating the field of view (FOV), imaging speed, and image resolution. Further studies will focus on adjusting the position of each coil or optimizing the structure of combined coils for the clinical requirements of blood vessel images.
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Received: 18 October 2022
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2024, Vol. 39 
