A L-LLC Resonant Bidirectional DC-DC Converter Based on Hybrid Control of Variable Frequency and Phase Shift
Lü Zheng1, Yan Xiangwu1, Sun Lei2
1. State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 China; 2. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Agricultural University of Hebei Baoding 071001 China
Abstract Considering the development and application of the energy storage systems in DC distribution system, bidirectional DC-DC converters with high power conversion efficiency and wide adjustable range are required. According to the hybrid control of variable-frequency (VF) and phase-shift (PS), a L-LLC resonant bidirectional DC-DC converter was proposed in this paper. It not only has wide adjustable ranges of the DC voltage gain and the transmission power, but also can realize the zero-voltage switching for input switches and zero-current switching for output rectifiers simultaneously. That leads to a high overall efficiency. Operation behaviors and characteristics of the converter under single VF or PS control were described. Then the rationality of the hybrid control was proved in theory, and an easy implementation was given. The experimental results of the prototype confirmed the validity of the theoretical analysis as well as the superior performance of L-LLC converter in operational efficiency and adjustable range.
[1] 刘振亚. 全球能源互联网[M]. 北京: 中国电力出版社, 2015. [2] Haroun R, Cid-Pastor A, Aroudi A E, et al. Synthesis of canonical elements for power processing in DC distribution systems using cascaded converters and sliding-mode control[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2014, 29(3): 1366-1381. [3] Shadmand M B, Balog R S, Abu-Rub H. Model predictive control of PV sources in a smart DC distribution system: maximum power point tracking and droop control[J]. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 2014, 29(4): 913-921. [4] 李国庆, 王鹤, 张慧杰. 微电网中基于逆变电源控制的重要节点电能质量管理办法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2014, 29(2): 177-184. Li Guoqing, Wang He, Zhang Huijie. Power quality management method based on inverter source control for important node in microgrid[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2014, 29(2): 177- 184. [5] 王守相, 韩亮. DG出力不确定性对配电网影响力分析的复仿射数学方法[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2014, 34(31): 5507-5515. Wang Shouxiang, Han Liang. Complex affine arithmetic based method for the analysis of DG's uncertainty influence on distribution network[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2014, 34(31): 5507-5515. [6] 康忠健, 田爱娜, 冯艳艳, 等. 基于零序阻抗模型故障特征的含分布式电源配电网故障区间定位方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2016, 31(10): 214-221. Kang Zhongjian, Tian Aina, Feng Yanyan, et al. Fault section locating method based on zero sequence impedance model fault feature in distribution network with distributed generators[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2016, 31(10): 214-221. [7] Wang Z, Li H. An integrated three-port bidirectional DC-DC converter for PV application on a DC distribution system[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2013, 28(10): 4612-4624. [8] De Doncker R W A A, Divan D M, Kheraluwala M H. A three-phase soft-switched high-power-density DC/DC converter for high-power applications[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1991, 27(1): 63-73. [9] Kheraluwala M H, Gascoigne R W, Divan D M, et al. Performance characterization of a high-power dual active bridge DC-DC converter[J]. IEEE Transa- ctions on Industry Applications, 1992, 28(6): 1294- 1301. [10] Zhao B, Yu Q, Sun W. Extended-phase-shift control of isolated bidirectional DC-DC converter for power distribution in microgrid[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2012, 27(11): 4667-4680. [11] Bai H, Mi C. Eliminate reactive power and increase system efficiency of isolated bidirectional dual-active bridge DC-DC converters using novel dual-phase shift control[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Elec- tronics, 2008, 23(6): 2905-2914. [12] 侯聂, 宋文胜. 全桥隔离DC/DC变换器的三重相移控制及其软启动方法[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2015, 35(23): 6113-6121. Hou Nie, Song Wensheng. Full-bridge isolated DC/DC converters with triple-phase-shift control and soft starting control method[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2015, 35(23): 6113-6121. [13] Feng W, Lee F C, Mattavelli P. Optimal trajectory control of burst mode for LLC resonant converter[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2013, 28(1): 457-466. [14] Chen W, Rong P, Lu Z. Snubberless bidirectional DC-DC converter with new CLLC resonant tank featuring minimized switching loss[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2010, 57(9): 3075-3086. [15] Kim H S, Ryu M H, Baek J W, et al. High efficiency isolated bidirectional AC-DC converter for a DC distribution system[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2013, 28(4): 1642-1654. [16] Jiang T, Zhang J, Wu X. A bidirectional LLC resonant converter with automatic forward and backward mode transition[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2015, 30(2): 757-770. [17] Jiang T, Zhang J, Wu X, et al. A bidirectional three level LLC resonant converter with PWAM control[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2016, 31(3): 2213-2225. [18] 李菊, 阮新波. 全桥LLC谐振变换器的混合式控制策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2013, 28(4): 72-79. Li Ju, Ruan Xinbo. Hybrid control strategy of full bridge LLC converter[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2013, 28(4): 72-79. [19] Lazar J F, Martinelli R. Steady-state analysis of the LLC series resonant converter[C]//Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, Anaheim, CA, 2001: 728-735. [20] Pan H, He C, Ajmal F, et al. Pulse-width modulation control strategy for high efficiency LLC resonant converter with light load applications[J]. IET Power Electronics, 2014, 7(11): 2887-2894. [21] Jung J H, Kim H S, Ryu M H, et al. Design methodology of bidirectional CLLC resonant converter for high-frequency isolation of DC distribution systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2013, 28(4): 1741-1755. [22] Fang X, Hu H, John S, et al. Operation mode analysis and peak gain approximation of the LLC resonant converter[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Elec- tronics, 2012, 27(4): 1985-1995. [23] Sun X, Shen Y, Li W, et al. A PWM and PFM hybrid modulated three-port converter for a standalone PV/battery power system[J]. IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, 2015, 3(4): 984-1000. [24] Ibanez F M, Echeverria J M, Vadillo J, et al. A step up bidirectional series resonant DC/DC converter using a continuous current mode[J]. IEEE Transa- ctions on Power Electronics, 2015, 30(3): 1393-1402. [25] 胡海兵, 王万宝, 孙文进, 等. LLC谐振变换器效率优化设计[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2013, 33(18): 48-56. Hu Haibing, Wang Wanbao, Sun Wenjing, et al. Optimal efficiency design of LLC resonant con- verters[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2013, 33(18): 48-56. [26] Fang X, Hu H, Chen F, et al. Efficiency-oriented optimal design of the LLC resonant converter based on peak gain placement[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2013, 28(5): 2285-2296. [27] McDonald B, Wang F. LLC performance enha- ncement with frequency and phase shift modulation control[C]//Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, Fort Worth, TX, 2014: 2036-2040. [28] Fang X, Hu H, Chen L, et al. Operation analysis and numerical approximation for the LLC DC-DC converter[C]//Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, Orlando, FL, 2012: 870-876. [29] Fang X, Hu H, Shen J, et al. An optimal design of the LLC resonant converter based on peak gain esti- mation[C]//Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, Orlando, FL, 2012: 1286-1291.
2017, Vol. 32 
