高压套管三维热-流耦合场数值计算方法与验证

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.251304

Abstract
Figure/Table
References
Related Citation (10)

Download: PDF (3423 KB) HTML (1 KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract With the development of high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission towards higher voltage levels, the current load of primary equipment such as converter transformer valve-side bushings continues to increase. Dry-type bushings have weak heat dissipation capacity due to their epoxy cores, making them prone to overheating faults during long-term operation under high loads. However, the accurate simulation of the internal thermal-fluid field distribution of bushings has long relied on foreign commercial software. To achieve independent and controllable thermal-fluid coupling simulation for converter transformer valve-side bushings, this study proposed a numerical calculation method for the three-dimensional thermal-fluid coupling field of high-voltage bushings.
This method comprehensively considered three heat transfer processes inside the bushing: heat conduction, heat convection, and thermal radiation. For heat convection calculation, the Boussinesq assumption was adopted for simplification, and the view factor was introduced to describe the transfer process of radiant energy. The finite volume method was used to discretize the momentum conservation equation and energy conservation equation in 3D space, thereby constructing a bidirectional coupling model of the thermal field and fluid field. A pressure correction algorithm for iterative solution of incompressible flow problems was developed based on the mass conservation equation and momentum interpolation equation. A transient process was introduced to improve the convergence of iterative solutions, and a loosely coupled conjugate heat transfer technique was applied in the transient process. Different time steps were adopted for different structures, ensuring computational accuracy while maintaining efficient calculation progress. A non-orthogonal correction method for calculating thermal-fluid diffusion in 3D unstructured grids was proposed. To avoid numerical divergence caused by excessive correction of the correction term in high-skewness grids, a non-orthogonal correction factor was added to limit the correction amplitude, forming a complete numerical calculation method for 3D thermal-fluid coupling field distribution. Temperature field simulations of ±400 kV and ±800 kV converter transformer valve-side bushings were conducted. When the non-orthogonal correction factor was set to 0.5, the simulation results were basically consistent with those from commercial software, and the maximum errors compared with temperature rise test results are 6.95% and 5.89% for the two types of bushings, respectively. When the correction factor was set to 1, the maximum errors compared with test results decreased to 6.82% and 5.09%, but the risk of non-convergent calculation results increased.
Test results verify the reliability of the proposed method in engineering applications. This research provides a flexible and controllable solution for analyzing the internal temperature field distribution of bushings and promotes the development of domestic thermal-fluid coupling simulation software.

Key words： Converter transformer valve side bushing numerical heat transfer temperature distribution non-orthogonal correction temperature rise test

Received: 23 July 2025

PACS:

TM216.5

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to my bookshelf
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Articles by authors
	Chu Zhilin
	Wang Qingyu
	Liu Zexi
	Liu Peng
	Han Xiaodong

Cite this article:

Chu Zhilin,Wang Qingyu,Liu Zexi等. Numerical Calculation Method and Verification of Three-Dimensional Thermal-Fluid Coupling Field for High-Voltage Bushings[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2026, 41(15): 5237-5248.

URL:

https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.251304 OR https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/Y2026/V41/I15/5237

[1] 何永胜, 张施令, 杨帆, 等. 考虑绝缘介质非线性特性的高压阀侧套管电热耦合模型研究[J]. 电网技术, 2025, 49(4): 1689-1697.
He Yongsheng, Zhang Shiling, Yang Fan, et al.Research on model of electro-thermal coupling in valve side bushing considering nonlinear characteristics of capacitor core insulation medium[J]. Power System Technology, 2025, 49(4): 1689-1697.
[2] 司文荣, 付晨钊, 苏磊, 等. 特高压换流变压器阀侧套管缩比模型典型缺陷下电场分布特性仿真研究[J]. 高压电器, 2024, 60(12): 85-94.
Si Wenrong, Fu Chenzhao, Su Lei, et al.Research on electric field distribution characteristics simulation under typical defects in the scaled model of valve side bushing of UHV converter transformer[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2024, 60(12): 85-94.
[3] 徐海军, 陕华平, 王庆, 等. 特高压换流变压器网侧高压套管胶浸纸技术应用研究[J]. 高压电器, 2020, 56(5): 182-187.
Xu Haijun, Shan Huaping, Wang Qing, et al.Research on the application of resin impregnated paper technology to net-side bushing of UHVDC converter transformer[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2020, 56(5): 182-187.
[4] 张宏亮, 黄宁, 刘鹏, 等. 含水率对环氧浸渍纸低频介电弛豫过程的影响研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2025, 40(1): 312-324.
Zhang Hongliang, Huang Ning, Liu Peng, et al.Effect of water content on low frequency dielectric relaxation of epoxy resin impregnated paper[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2025, 40(1): 312-324.
[5] 周远翔, 钟波, 李宇航, 等. 环氧浸渍纸热解动力学分析[J]. 绝缘材料, 2025, 58(4): 117-125.
Zhou Yuanxiang, Zhong Bo, Li Yuhang, et al.Analysis on pyrolysis kinetics of epoxy resin impregnated paper[J]. Insulating Materials, 2025, 58(4): 117-125.
[6] 丁宁, 穆海宝, 梁兆杰, 等. 水分对干式套管环氧浸渍纸材料介电特性的影响[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(11): 2716-2724.
Ding Ning, Mu Haibao, Liang Zhaojie, et al.Effect of moisture on the dielectric properties of epoxy resin impregnated paper for dry-type bushing[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(11): 2716-2724.
[7] 刘杉, 高冲, 侯俊义, 等. 基于去离子水冷却±800 kV换流变压器阀侧套管的冷却效果和参数的影响[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(12): 3884-3894.
Liu Shan, Gao Chong, Hou Junyi, et al.Cooling effect and effect of parameters of the deionized water cooling based ERIP type bushing of ±800 kV converter transformer[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(12): 3884-3894.
[8] 李敏洁, 刘轩东, 商高屹. 基于毛细芯热管的换流变阀侧套管电-热-流场优化研究[J]. 电机与控制学报, 2024, 28(9): 1-10.
Li Minjie, Liu Xuandong, Shang Gaoyi.Optimization of electric thermal flow field in valve-side bushing of converter transformer based on capillary wick heat pipe[J]. Electric Machines and Control, 2024, 28(9): 1-10.
[9] 刘玉安, 毛宝俊, 陈云龙, 等. 地震作用下换流变压器阀侧套管的温度场仿真与响应分析[J]. 高压电器, 2025, 61(4): 30-38.
Liu Yu'an, Mao Baojun, Chen Yunlong, et al.Simulation and response analysis on temperature field of valve side bushing of converter transformer under seismic action[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2025, 61(4): 30-38.
[10] Chen Ming, Liu Xuandong, Wu Zhicheng, et al.Novel heat pipe current-carrying tube of RIP valve-side bushing in converter transformer[J]. Electric Power Systems Research, 2020, 184: 106344.
[11] 林牧, 刘凯, 王乃永, 等. 换流变阀侧套管数字孪生建模及热特性分析[J]. 高电压技术, 2022, 48(5): 1653-1662.
Lin Mu, Liu Kai, Wang Naiyong, et al.Establishment of digital twin model of converter transformer valve- side bushing and analysis of its thermal characteristics[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2022, 48(5): 1653-1662.
[12] 赵子辰, 陕华平, 赵磊, 等. 基于三维热力场耦合分析的换流变压器网侧干式套管拉杆连接结构力学计算及优化设计[J]. 电瓷避雷器, 2023(4): 189-196.
Zhao Zichen, Shan Huaping, Zhao Lei, et al.Mechanical calculation and optimization design of pull-rod connection system of grid-side RIP bushing of UHVDC converter transformer based on 3D thermal-mechanical coupling analysis[J]. Insulators and Surge Arresters, 2023(4): 189-196.
[13] 曾瑞. 考虑温度分布下换流变阀侧套管电场特性研究[D]. 沈阳: 沈阳工业大学, 2023.
Zeng Rui.Study on electric field characteristics of converter valve side casing considering temperature distribution[D]. Shenyang: Shenyang University of Technology, 2023.
[14] Akbari M, Rezaei-Zare A.Transformer bushing thermal model for calculation of hot-spot temperature considering oil flow dynamics[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2021, 36(3): 1726-1734.
[15] 辛纪威, 李琳, 刘刚. 基于非结构化同位网格的油浸式换流变压器流场数值计算方法研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2025, 40(24): 7832-7845.
Xin Jiwei, Li Lin, Liu Gang.Research on the numerical calculation method for the flow field of oil- immersed converter transformers based on unstructured collocated grids[J]. Transactions of China Electro-technical Society, 2025, 40(24): 7832-7845.
[16] 陶文铨. 数值传热学[M]. 2版. 西安: 西安交通大学出版社, 2001.
[17] 谭维炎. 计算浅水动力学: 有限体积法的应用[M]. 北京: 清华大学出版社, 1998.
[18] 张施令, 彭宗仁, 宁鑫, 等. ±400 kV换流变压器阀侧套管绝缘结构设计[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2021, 41(6): 199-208.
Zhang Shiling, Peng Zongren, Ning Xin, et al.Insulation structure design of valve side bushing of ±400 kV converter transformer[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2021, 41(6): 199-208.
[19] 陶文铨. 传热学[M]. 5版. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2019.
[20] 杜迎春, 伍弘, 杨志宁, 等. 绝缘包覆引流线温升模型及特性研究[J]. 重庆理工大学学报, 2024, 38(9): 224-231.
Du Yingchun, Wu Hong, Yang Zhining, et al.Research on temperature rise model and characteristics of insulation-coated drainage line[J]. Journal of Chongqing Institute of Technology, 2024, 38(9): 224-231.
[21] 史石峰, 刘杉, 谢更生, 等. 换流变阀侧套管水冷散热设计与优化分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2023, 43(12): 4861-4870.
Shi Shifeng, Liu Shan, Xie Gengsheng, et al.Design and optimization analysis of water cooling heat dissipation for the valve-side bushing of converter transformer[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2023, 43(12): 4861-4870.
[22] 朱涛, 王丰华. 地磁感应电流作用下大型变压器的温升特性计算[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(8): 1915-1925.
Zhu Tao, Wang Fenghua.Calculation of temperature rise of large transformer under geomagnetically induced current[J]. Transactions of China Electro-technical Society, 2022, 37(8): 1915-1925.
[23] Rhie C M, Chow W L.Numerical study of the turbulent flow past an airfoil with trailing edge separation[J]. AIAA Journal, 1983, 21(11): 1525-1532.
[24] 谢更生. 特高压换流变阀侧套管极板边缘效应、表面电荷效应与绝缘结构优化方法研究[D]. 西安: 西安交通大学, 2024.
Xie Gengsheng.Research on plate edge effect, surface charge effect and insulation structure optimization method of UHV converter transformer valve-side bushing[D]. Xi'an: Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2024.