基于共模电压残差的三相四线制T型逆变器功率开关开路故障诊断方法

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.241621

Abstract
Figure/Table
References
Related Citation (15)

Download: PDF (7801 KB) HTML (1 KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract Power switch open-circuit faults are significant challenges that can severely compromise the reliability and operational safety of inverters. Such faults disrupt the normal functioning of the inverter and can lead to broader system failures if not addressed promptly and accurately. Therefore, an effective fault diagnosis method is essential for ensuring the accurate implementation of fault-tolerant control, which is critical for maintaining the safety and efficiency of power systems that rely on inverter technology. To address the shortcomings of existing open-circuit fault diagnosis methods for three-phase four-wire systems, a novel fault location method is proposed that utilizes common-mode voltage residuals as a single-class diagnostic variable. This approach simplifies the diagnostic process while ensuring accurate fault identification, making it a practical solution for real-world applications.
Firstly, the characteristics of single-switch faults in the three-phase four-wire T-type inverter are analyzed, and the common-mode voltage residual associated with these faults is constructed based on a simplified circuit representation. Subsequently, various fault modes that may occur in the inverter's power switches are examined. By analyzing the distinct characteristics of each fault mode, a new metric termed the “pulse area” is introduced as a quantitative measure for assessing common-mode voltage residuals generated during different switching faults. Accurately quantifying these residuals enhances the ability to differentiate between fault conditions and improves the precision of the diagnostic approach. Furthermore, to refine the diagnostic method, an adaptive threshold diagnosis area is established to illustrate the differences in voltage residuals under each specific switch fault condition. This adaptive approach allows for real-time adjustments to the diagnostic thresholds based on observed voltage behaviors, thereby increasing the reliability of fault detection. Subsequently, fault detection and location variables are designed to ensure precise positioning of the fault switch. Finally, to verify the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed diagnosis method, a prototype of a 10 kW three-phase four-wire T-type inverter is developed. Experimental tests under various common working conditions demonstrate that the proposed method can reliably detect and locate open-circuit faults with a high degree of accuracy. The results indicate that this method can be integrated into existing systems to enhance their fault diagnosis capabilities.
The following conclusions can be drawn: (1) Compared to existing fault diagnosis methods, the proposed method uses the common-mode voltage residual as the sole diagnostic variable, thereby reducing the number of required diagnostic variables and simplifying the algorithmic flow. (2) The proposed method quantitatively analyzes the relationship between the common-mode voltage residual and the detection threshold in the context of open-circuit faults, accounting for multiple error-influencing factors. This enhances the model's adaptability to errors and improves the robustness of the algorithm. (3) The proposed method estimates the inverter output common-mode voltage residual as a diagnostic variable by constructing a circuit model without requiring additional sensors. When a fault occurs, the common-mode residual exhibits significant transient changes, ensuring the rapidity of the diagnosis. Moreover, this diagnostic approach can be extended to multi-tube fault diagnosis in three-phase four-wire inverters, and future work can focus on in-depth theoretical analysis and experimental validation.

Key words： Open power switch circuit fault diagnosis common-mode voltage residuals three-phase four-wire system T-type inverter

Received: 12 September 2024

PACS:

TM464

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to my bookshelf
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Articles by authors
	Xiao Fan
	Jiang Yi
	Peng Xing
	Tu Chunming
	Guo Qi

Cite this article:

Xiao Fan,Jiang Yi,Peng Xing等. An Open Circuit Fault Diagnosis Method of Three-Phase Four-Wire -Type Inverter Based on Common-Mode Voltage Residuals[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2025, 40(20): 6672-6685.

URL:

https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.241621 OR https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/Y2025/V40/I20/6672

[1] Julian A L, Oriti G.Novel common mode voltage elimination methods in three-phase four-wire grid- connected inverters[C]//2021 IEEE Energy Con- version Congress and Exposition (ECCE), Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2021: 2873-2880.
[2] 申永鹏, 王帅兵, 梁伟华, 等. T型三电平逆变器合成脉冲宽度调制相电流重构策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(20): 5302-5312.
Shen Yongpeng, Wang Shuaibing, Liang Weihua, et al.T-type three-level inverter composite pulse width modulation phase current reconstruction strategy[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(20): 5302-5312.
[3] 田亚卓, 刘辰伟, 张勇军, 等. 一种改进的T型三电平逆变器序列模型预测控制策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(24): 7821-7832.
Tian Yazhuo, Liu Chenwei, Zhang Yongjun, et al.An improved sequential model predictive control strategy for T-type three-level inverter system[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(24): 7821-7832.
[4] 陈超波, 代佳伟, 孙天誉, 等. 面向残差评价的中点钳位型逆变器开路故障诊断方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(21): 6877-6895.
Chen Chaobo, Dai Jiawei, Sun Tianyu, et al.NPC type inverter open circuit fault diagnosis method based on residual performance evaluation[J]. Transa- ctions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(21): 6877-6895.
[5] 王金平, 刘斌, 董浩, 等. 中点钳位型三电平逆变器基于调制波分解的调制策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(12): 3221-3233.
Wang Jinping, Liu Bin, Dong Hao, et al.A modulation strategy based on modulation wave decomposition for neutral point clamped three-level inverter[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(12): 3221-3233.
[6] 祝琳, 李楚杉, 卢倚平, 等. 三电平单元电力电子变压器容错运行技术[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2023, 47(11): 144-154.
Zhu Lin, Li Chushan, Lu Yiping, et al.Fault-tolerant operation technology for three-level cell power electronic transformer[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2023, 47(11): 144-154.
[7] 宛新春, 陈其工, 杨锦涛, 等. 基于栅极和漏极电压检测的SiC MOSFET短路保护电路研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2025, 40(4): 1145-1155, 1168.
Wan Xinchun, Chen Qigong, Yang jintao, et al. Research on SiC MOSFET short-circuit protection based on gate and drain voltage detection[J]. Transa- ctions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2025, 40(4): 1145-1155, 1168.
[8] 朱琴跃, 于逸尘, 占岩文, 等. 基于短时傅里叶变换和深度网络的模块化多电平换流器子模块IGBT开路故障诊断[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(12): 3840-3854.
Zhu Qinyue, Yu Yichen, Zhan Yanwen, et al.IGBT open-circuit fault diagnosis of modular multilevel converter sub-module based on short-time Fourier transform and deep networks[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(12): 3840-3854.
[9] 金楠, 夏英巽, 郭磊磊, 等. T型三电平并网变换器开路故障检测及容错控制[J/OL]. 电源学报, 1-12[2024-10-29].
Jin Nan, Xia Yingxun, Guo Leilei, et al.Open circuit fault diagnosis and fault tolerant control of T-type three-level grid-tied converter[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 1-12[2024-10-29].
[10] 袁庆庆, 蒋楷行, 涂谦, 等. 六相两电平逆变器的开路故障定位研究[J]. 电力电子技术, 2023, 57(4): 5-8.
Yuan Qingqing, Jiang Kaixing, Tu Qian, et al.Open circuit fault diagnosis for the six-phase two-level inverter[J]. Power Electronics, 2023, 57(4): 5-8.
[11] Wu Feng, Zhao Jin, Liu Yang, et al.Primary source inductive energy analysis based real-time multiple open-circuit fault diagnosis in two-level three-phase PWM boost rectifier[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2018, 33(4): 3411-3423.
[12] 陈勇, 刘志龙, 陈章勇. 基于电流矢量特征分析的逆变器开路故障快速诊断与定位方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2018, 33(4): 883-891.
Chen Yong, Liu Zhilong, Chen Zhangyong.Fast diagnosis and location method for open-circuit fault in inverter based on current vector character analysis[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2018, 33(4): 883-891.
[13] Wang Xueqing, Wang Zheng, Xu Zhixian, et al.Diagnosis and tolerance of common electrical faults in T-type three-level inverters fed dual three-phase PMSM drives[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Elec- tronics, 2020, 35(2): 1753-1769.
[14] Han Pengcheng, Lou Ying, Zhang Lijuan, et al.Open- circuit fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control strategy for parallel three-phase rectifiers[C]//2023 11th International Conference on Power Electronics and ECCE Asia (ICPE 2023-ECCE Asia), Jeju Island, Republic of Korea, 2023: 1437-1442.
[15] Sui Chunsong, He Yigang, Chen Mingyun.Analysis of current distortion of three-phase voltage source rectifiers and its application in fault diagnosis[J]. IEEE Access, 2019, 8: 4065-4075.
[16] He Jiangbiao, Demerdash N A O, Weise N, et al. A fast on-line diagnostic method for open-circuit switch faults in SiC-MOSFET-based T-type multilevel inverters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Appli- cations, 2017, 53(3): 2948-2958.
[17] 许水清, 刘锋, 何怡刚, 等. 基于自适应滑模观测器的新能源汽车驱动系统电流传感器微小故障诊断[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2023, 43(18): 7277-7288.
Xu Shuiqing, Liu Feng, He Yigang, et al.Minor fault diagnosis for current sensor of new energy vehicle drive system based on adaptive sliding mode observer[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2023, 43(18): 7277-7288.
[18] 许水清, 许晓凡, 何怡刚, 等. 基于自适应滑模观测器的中点钳位型三电平并网逆变器开关管和电流传感器故障诊断[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(13): 4066-4078.
Xu Shuiqing, Xu Xiaofan, He Yigang, et al.A diagnosis method for power switch and current sensor faults in grid-connected three-level neutral-point clamped inverters based on adaptive sliding mode observer[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(13): 4066-4078.
[19] Wu Zhixi, Zhao Jin, Liu Yang, et al.Online fault diagnosis method for grid-tied T-type inverters based on specific frequency calculation[J]. IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, 2023, 11(5): 5364-5375.
[20] Wu Zhixi, Zhao Jin.Open-circuit fault diagnosis method for grid-connected bidirectional T-type con- verter based on geometrical similarity measurement[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2022, 37(12): 15571-15582.
[21] Wu Zhixi, Sun Buyi, Zhao Jin.Open-circuit fault diagnosis method for four-wire T-type three level rectifier[C]//2020 Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC), Hefei, China, 2020: 2156-2160.
[22] Sun Yuan, Chen Jie, Qiu Ruichang, et al.Open-circuit, current sensor fault diagnosis of three-phase four-wire inverters based on Fourier fitting[J]. IEEE Transa- ctions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 2024, 73: 3522813.
[23] Zhang Hui, Sun Chuan da, Li Zhixin, et al. Voltage vector error fault diagnosis for open-circuit faults of three-phase four-wire active power filters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2017, 32(3): 2215-2226.
[24] 张晓, 孙传达, 刘娟, 等. 三相四线制有源电力滤波器开路故障诊断[J]. 电网技术, 2016, 40(2): 571-578.
Zhang Xiao, Sun Chuanda, Liu Juan, et al.Open- circuit fault diagnosis in three-phase four-wire active power filters[J]. Power System Technology, 2016, 40(2): 571-578.
[25] 李战, 王伯荣, 马皓, 等. 基于平均模型的三相四线制逆变器多管开路故障诊断[J]. 电源学报, 2018, 16(6): 63-70.
Li Zhan, Wang Borong, Ma Hao, et al.Multi- transistor open-circuit fault diagnosis in three-phase four-wire inverter based on average model[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2018, 16(6): 63-70.
[26] Wang Ke, Tang Yi, Zhang Chuanjin.Open-circuit fault diagnosis and tolerance strategy applied to four-wire T-type converter systems[J]. IEEE Transa- ctions on Power Electronics, 2019, 34(6): 5764-5778.
[27] 张国荣, 吴一鸣, 彭勃, 等. 三相四线制三电平变流器的优化调制策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2018, 42(22): 187-193.
Zhang Guorong, Wu Yiming, Peng Bo, et al.Optimal modulation strategy for three-phase four-wire three- level converter[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(22): 187-193.