半密闭腔室工频建弧过程及建弧率影响因素分析

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.240056

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摘要

多腔室快速灭弧装置具有响应速度快、灭弧性能良好、能有效抑制雷电冲击闪络引起的线路跳闸等优点,作为一种新型配网线路防雷措施备受关注。然而,半密闭腔室作为多腔室快速灭弧装置的基本单元,腔室内冲击放电电弧稳定转换为工频续流电弧的过程尚不明确,缺乏对半密闭腔室工频建弧率的深入研究。为分析半密闭腔室工频建弧过程及建弧率影响因素,该文搭建了半密闭腔室雷电冲击联合10 kV工频电压试验平台,测量了半密闭腔室冲击击穿后的电压、电流波形,探究了冲击放电电弧稳定转换为工频续流电弧的过程,对比分析了普通间隙与半密闭腔室间隙的建弧率,并进一步探究了半密闭腔室串联后的效果,发现多腔室灭弧结构可通过快速吹弧有效抑制冲击放电电弧向工频续流电弧的转变,将其工频建弧率限制在较低水平。同时,为了探究半密闭腔室建弧率的影响因素,该文通过改变腔室结构和电极半径分析了其对工频建弧率的影响,结果表明适当增大腔室体积及气流量,有助于防止高温气体在腔室内的堵塞,促进工频续流电弧的能量耗散,降低工频建弧率;一定程度地减小电极半径有助于增强冲击放电电弧的磁缩效应,抑制电弧弧柱直径的发展,降低工频建弧率。

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	袁涛
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	范荣全
	曾文慧

关键词 ：半密闭腔室, 工频建弧过程, 建弧率, 腔室结构, 电极半径, 气体堵塞, 磁缩效应

Abstract：

Multi-chamber fast arc extinguishing device has the advantages of fast response speed, good arc extinguishing performance, and can effectively suppress the line tripping caused by lightning impulse flashover. However, the process of stable conversion of impact discharge arc into power frequency follow current in the device is not clear, there is lack of in-depth research on the power frequency arc-establishing rate of the device, which limits further optimal design of the device. In response to the above issues, a lightning impulse combined with 10 kV power frequency voltage test platform was built. The process of stable conversion of impulse discharge arc into power frequency follow current was explored, a comparative analysis of the arc-establishing rate of an ordinary gap versus a semienclosed chamber gap was carried out. The influence of structural parameters and electrode radius on the arc-establishing rate of semienclosed chamber was analyzed, and further exploring the inhibition effect of breaking arc of multi-chamber arc extinguishing structure on arc-establishing rate.
The test platform consists of AC power supply, impact power supply, measurement equipment and corresponding protection components. During the test, the power frequency voltage is first applied to both ends of the specimen, then the capacitors are charged in parallel in a rectified fashion and the ignition gap breakdown, and lightning impact voltage is superimposed on both ends of the specimen. The specimen breakdown and flows an impact discharge current with amplitude of 1.8 kA and waveform of 12/25 µs, adopting a current transformer with a bandwidth of 160Hz~4MHz to capture arc current waveforms, and the arc current is used as trigger signal for the oscilloscope to realize the synchronous measurement of the superimposed voltage signal and the power frequency follow current signal.
The voltage and current waveforms after impulse breakdown in the semienclosed chamber show that when the air blowing effect of the semienclosed chamber can effectively accelerate the energy dissipation of the power frequency follow current, the arc can be extinguished within the first frequency half-cycle. The difference in arc-establishing rate between ordinary gap structures and semienclosed chamber gap structures is more than twice, and the air blowing effect of the semienclosed chamber can effectively reduce the arc-establishing rate. Limiting the movement speed of post-arc gas and increasing the airflow at the outlet of the chamber, which can reduce arc-establishing rate. Reducing the electrode radius enhances the self-magnetic compression effect of the arc and reduces the arc-establishing rate. Increasing the number of chambers effectively inhibits the injection of power frequency energy into the arc channel, limiting the arc-establishing rate to a very low level.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the analysis of the results: (1) The semienclosed chamber promotes the energy dissipation of the power frequency follow current and inhibits the establishment of power frequency follow current through the rapid air blowing effect, thus realizing the reduction of power frequency arc-establishing rate of the semienclosed chamber. (2) By changing the structural parameters of the chamber to regulate the movement speed of the post-arc gas, which can prevent the blockage of high-temperature gas in the chamber, reducing the arc-establishing rate. The magnetic field distribution of the discharge gap is regulated by reducing the electrode radius, which can effectively inhibit the development of the arc column diameter and reduce the arc-establishing rate. (3) Multi-chamber arc extinguishing structure by truncating the arc into multiple short arc segments to increase the arc pressure during the arc combustion, reducing the injected power frequency energy, which can inhibit the establishment of power frequency arc.

Key words： Semienclosed chamber establishment process of power frequency arc arc-establishing rate chamber structure electrode radius gas blockage magnetic contraction effect

收稿日期: 2024-01-09

PACS:

TM863

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金面上项目资助（51777020）

通讯作者: 袁涛男,1976年生,副教授,博士生导师,研究方向为电力系统过电压防护及防雷接地技术、电磁兼容技术。E-mail：yuantao_cq@cqu.edu.cn

作者简介: 邓明海男,1998年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为输电线路故障电弧防护。E-mail：202111131122t@cqu.edu.cn

引用本文:

袁涛, 邓明海, 司马文霞, 杨鸣, 范荣全, 曾文慧. 半密闭腔室工频建弧过程及建弧率影响因素分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 2492903-2492903. Yuan Tao, Deng Minghai, Sima Wenxia, Yang Ming, Fang Rongquan, Zeng Wenhui. Analysis of Influencing Factors of Arc-Establishing Rate Based on the Understanding of Power Frequency Arc Establishment Process in Semienclosed Chamber. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 2492903-2492903.

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https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.240056 https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y0/V/I/2492903

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