Abstract：Mastering the distribution of a ship’s induced magnetic field is an important issue for implementing magnetic stealth technology, and the integral equation method is one of the main methods to calculate the ship’s induced magnetic field. The integral equation method only needs to discretize the ferromagnetic region and does not need to consider the boundary conditions, so it has been widely concerned and applied. The traditional vector integral equation for modeling induced magnetic fields has the problems of low efficiency and an enormous computational burden. Considering that there are many discrete elements of large ferromagnetic objects such as ships, the coupling coefficient between elements forms a huge asymmetric dense matrix. As a result, the computing time and memory requirement will increase sharply with the increase of the number of elements. Therefore, a scalar magnetic potential integral equation method based on surface elements is proposed. Since the integral equation method needs to obtain the magnetic susceptibility of ferromagnetic materials, the equivalent magnetic susceptibility inversion model is established based on a multi-level adaptive cross approximation (MLACA) algorithm. Firstly, the scalar magnetic potential integral formula based on triangular surface elements is derived. According to the principle of linear interpolation, the scalar magnetic potential of the center point of discrete elements is expressed by interpolation function and node scalar magnetic potential, and the elements’ coupling coefficient matrix is obtained by establishing a local coordinate system. Therefore, the scalar integral method of surface elements is obtained for solving the ship’s induced magnetic field. Secondly, the MLACA algorithm is introduced to guarantee the accuracy of magnetic field calculation and reduce the memory requirement and computing time of the computer. Finally, aiming at the problem that the magnetic parameters of ferromagnetic materials of ships are not easy to obtain, a magnetic susceptibility inversion model is established based on the measured magnetic field values and the forward coupling model. The magnetic field fitting degree, prior distribution of magnetic susceptibility, and smooth constraint are the objective function. The spatial distribution of equivalent magnetic susceptibility is optimized by simulated annealing (SA) algorithms. A numerical simulation of the spherical iron shell shows that the proposed scalar magnetic potential coupling forward modeling method can efficiently obtain the ship’s induced magnetic field with high precision. For the same discrete elements, compared with the vector method, the scalar method can save about 97% of the memory consumption and 65% of the computing time, which verifies the effectiveness of the scalar magnetic potential integral equation method based on the MLACA algorithm. According to the inversion model, the equivalent magnetic susceptibility of the spherical iron shell is optimized by the SA algorithm, which is utilized to predict the spherical shell of other positions, and the average relative error is only 2.2%. After using of smooth constraint condition, the equivalent magnetic susceptibility obtained is smoother. In order to verify the practicability of the proposed forward modeling method and magnetic susceptibility inversion method in engineering, an experimental scheme was designed for a reduced-scale ship model with unknown magnetic parameters. Firstly, the equivalent magnetic susceptibility distribution of the ship model is obtained by measuring the magnetic field of the ship model at the z1 plane, and it is used to predict the induced magnetic field at the z2 plane. The magnetic field fitting and prediction errors of the ship are about 5.0%, indicating that the proposed forward modeling model of induced magnetic field and the inverse optimization model of equivalent magnetic susceptibility can be used for induced magnetic field modeling of large ships with high precision and can provide support for the implementation of magnetic stealth technology on ships.
何保委, 孙兆龙, 刘月林, 周国华, 唐烈峥. 一种舰船高精度感应磁场快速正演建模方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(6): 1589-1601.
He Baowei, Sun Zhaolong, Liu Yuelin, Zhou Guohua, Tang Liezheng. A Fast Forward Modeling Method for High Precision Induced Magnetic Field of Ships. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(6): 1589-1601.
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