基于不同时段内积投影的灵活接地系统高阻故障选线方法

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.221878

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摘要针对灵活接地配电系统在发生高阻故障时,无法实现准确选线的问题,通过分析灵活接地系统故障特征得出中性点小电阻投入后故障馈线与健全馈线在零序电流幅值上存在差异,同时,小电阻投入后母线零序电压发生明显降低。由此,提出一种基于中性点小电阻投入前后不同时段下计算内积投影的高阻故障选线方法。首先,将小电阻投入后各馈线零序电流对投入前的母线零序电压做内积投影,由此构建判据1;其次,将小电阻投入后各馈线零序电流对投入前的中性点电流做内积投影,由此构建判据2;最后,当判据1与判据2判定的故障馈线结果一致时,得到故障馈线。大量仿真实验表明,在非同步采样、数据缺失与电弧等故障工况下,该方法具有良好的稳定性,与现有方法对比可知,该文方法判定时间短,且适应电流互感器反接工况。

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关键词 ：灵活接地系统, 高阻故障, 不同时段, 内积投影

Abstract：High impedance faults are a common form of distribution network faults, accounting for about 5% to 10% of medium voltage distribution network faults, often accompanied by arcing, which can easily cause safety hazards. Due to the weak fault characteristics of high impedance faults, most faulty feeder detection methods only have high accuracy for low-impedance faults. This is insufficient to support the principle of proximity and fast isolation of ground faults. Recently, some high impedance fault line selection methods have been proposed, but most of them suffer from complex principles, single criteria, and equipment measurement accuracy that does not meet the demand. To address these problems, this paper proposed high impedance fault line selection methods based on inner product projection of different time periods for flexible grounding systems. It can accurately detect the faulty feeder at high impedance faults through the characteristic quantities of voltage and current before and after small resistance input.
Firstly, the inner product projection of each feeder’s zero-sequence current after small resistance input onto the bus zero-sequence voltage before small resistance input is constructed as criteria 1. Secondly, the inner product projection of each feeder’s zero-sequence current after small resistance input onto the neutral point zero-sequence current before small resistance input is constructed as criteria 2. Finally, when the results of the faulty feeder determined by criterion 1 and criterion 2 are the same, the final faulty feeder result is obtained. The fault detection method fully uses the fault characteristics under different time periods, solves the influence of bus zero-sequence voltage drop after small resistance input and a single criterion on the detection accuracy, and greatly simplifies the faulty feeder detection principle, resulting in a highly accurate faulty feeder detection method.
The simulation results using a flexible grounding system show that. Firstly, the faulty feeder can be accurately determined under high impedance fault conditions considering different fault feeders, fault distance, fault initial phase angle, overcompensation, ground resistance and noise interference. Second, considering asynchronous sampling and missing data, where asynchronous sampling is up to 11ms and data missing is up to 85%, the proposed method still has good stability. Then, the accuracy of the proposed method is verified under three arc parameters. Finally, the proposed method is compared with two flexible grounding system methods under four complex operating conditions, where a current transformer reversal was considered, the proposed method takes the shortest time of 0.05 s, and there is no misjudgment.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the simulation analysis: (1) Compared with existing methods, the proposed method greatly simplifies the principle of detection criterion and effectively overcomes the bus zero-sequence voltage reduction problem. Therefore, it is appropriate to use different time periods of fault characteristics. (2) The proposed method combines the inner product projection of each feeder current after small resistance input onto the bus voltage and neutral point current before small resistance input. It uses two types of criteria, both of which complement each other to improve the accuracy of fault feeder determination. (3) The proposed method is more capable of adapting to complex working conditions, and the calculation time of the criterion is short. In addition, the faulty feeder can still be accurately determined when the current transformer is reversed.

Key words： Flexible grounding systems high impedance fault different time periods inner product projection

收稿日期: 2022-10-07

PACS:

TM77

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目（52177114, 61403127）和国网江西省电力有限公司科技项目（521820220016, 521820210005）资助

通讯作者: 王晓卫男,1983年生,博士,副教授,博士生导师,研究方向为配电网故障选线与定位、高阻故障检测、电力工程信号处理。E-mail：proceedings@126.com

作者简介: 刘伟博男,1997年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为新型配电系统高阻故障选线。E-mail：Lwei_bo@126.com

引用本文:

王晓卫, 刘伟博, 郭亮, 梁振锋. 基于不同时段内积投影的灵活接地系统高阻故障选线方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(1): 154-167. Wang Xiaowei, Liu Weibo, Guo Liang, Liang Zhenfeng. High Impedance Fault Line Selection Method Based on Inner Product Projection of Different Time Periods for Flexible Grounding Systems. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(1): 154-167.

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