电缆参数对变频驱动电机轴电压和轴电流的影响

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.231160

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摘要

变频驱动系统中变频器共模电压会引起电机轴电压继而造成轴承电腐蚀,带来巨大的危害。变频器与电机之间连接电缆的寄生参数对电机轴电压和轴电流影响机理仍有待确定。本文提出了电缆-电机系统的轴电流模型,分别给出电机及电缆参数提取方法,研究了电缆类型及长度变化对系统阻抗曲线的影响规律,对系统阻抗特性进行了仿真及实验验证。进行变频器-电缆-感应电机轴电流系统仿真模型,并搭建轴电流试验台进行测试,测试结果验证了模型正确性。研究结果表明,电缆的电容参数是影响电机轴电压的关键因素,采用屏蔽电缆或增加电缆长度会增大电缆寄生电容,增加定子接地电流,降低电机容性轴电压;采用屏蔽电缆电机轴两端电压高于非屏蔽电缆。

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	陈立珂
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	李伟力

关键词 ：变频驱动, 屏蔽电缆, 轴电压, 轴电流, 接地电流

Abstract：

The common-mode voltage output by the inverter drive motor system, through the coupling of the motor capacitances, induces bearing voltage which brings electrical corrosion of the bearing and endangers the operation of the motors. In the frequency conversion drive system, the frequency converter and the motor are generally connected by cables. There are different types of cables, such as shielded and unshielded cables. The type and length of cables will affect their equivalent electrical parameters. The influence of cable parameters on the bearing voltage is currently unclear, and the key parameters of the cable that affect the motor bearing voltage are still uncertain. In this paper, the influence type and length of cables on bearing voltage will be analyzed. It provides a basis for the design and selection of the cable of the frequency conversion system to suppress the bearing current and bearing voltage.
Firstly, the mechanism of high frequency bearing current generation of motor in variable frequency drive system is analyzed, and the common-mode equivalent model of motor and cable system is established. Secondly, taking a 5.5kW induction motor as an example, the electrical model parameters of the cable and motor are extracted through the impedance test curve. The impedance characteristics of the cable and motor composition system are verified. An unshielded cable with 3m, a shielded cable with 3m and a shielded cable with 10m are used to comparing. The influence of cable type and cable length on motor bearing voltage and bearing current are studied through circuit simulation. Finally, a bearing current test platform is built to test the bearing voltage and bearing current of the motor and cable system for the above different cables, the accuracy of the model and the correctness of the simulation analysis results are verified, and the corresponding suppression scheme is given for the motor bearing voltage and bearing current problems of the frequency conversion drive system.
According to the simulation results, compared with the 3m unshielded cable, the stator ground current of the 3m shielded cable increases by nearly 25%, and the bearing voltage and bearing current decrease by 5%. When the length of the shielded cable increased from 3m to 10m, the bearing voltage reduced by 11%, but the stator ground current increased by 14%. The test results are similar to the simulation results, that is, the shielded cable or the length increasing will reduce the bearing voltage and bearing current, and the stator ground current will increase. The motor circulating bearing voltage of 3m shielded cable increased by 21% compared to 3m unshielded cable. Combined with the analysis of different cable model parameters and experimental results, it can be seen that the decrease of motor bearing voltage and bearing current is mainly caused by the increase of cable parasitic capacitance.
The following conclusions can be drawn from simulation and test results: (1) Cable parasitic capacitance is the key parameter that affects the bearing voltage and bearing current. Increasing the parasitic capacitance parameter can reduce the motor bearing voltage and bearing current. (2) Compared with unshielded cables, shielded cables increase the parasitic capacitance parameters of the cable, and reduce the impedance of the common-mode circuit, which will lead to the stator ground current and the circulating bearing voltage increasing. (3) For the cables which length does not cause voltage reflection, the longer cables will increase the stator ground current, but decrease the bearing voltage and bearing current.

Key words： Variable frequency drive shielded cable bearing voltage bearing current grounding current

PACS:

TM34

基金资助:

中央高校基本科研业务费专项资助项目（2022YJS158）资助项目,北京市自然科学基金（3222055）,2021年高功率高效电驱动总成系统开发及产业化项目（TC210H02Q）

通讯作者: 刘瑞芳, 女,1971年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为电机及电力电子系统集成分析。E-mail：rfliu@bjtu.edu.cn

作者简介: 陈立珂 , 女,1998年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为电机及电力电子系统集成分析。E-mail：21121412@bjtu.edu.cn

引用本文:

陈立珂, 刘瑞芳, 李知浩, 张亮亮, 李伟力. 电缆参数对变频驱动电机轴电压和轴电流的影响[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 9038-38. Chen Like, Liu Ruifang, Li Zhihao, Zhang Liangliang, Li Weili. The Influence of Cable Parameters on the Bearing Voltage and Bearing Current of the Variable Frequency Drive Motor. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 9038-38.

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