220 kV退役复合绝缘子芯棒整体回收再利用可行性研究

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.230350

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摘要

复合绝缘子在输电线路中得到了大规模应用,但早期投运的复合绝缘子开始批量退役,且数量逐年增加,因此,需要有效的回收利用方法来处理退役的复合绝缘子。该文以220 kV退役复合绝缘子芯棒的高压段、中间段和低压段作为研究对象,对比了退役芯棒与新芯棒的物理、热学、电气及力学性能和微观形貌差异,并基于性能评估结果进行推广,探索了退役芯棒的再利用价值和快速性能评估手段。结果表明,退役芯棒的环氧树脂基体含量下降程度保持在1.31%以内,饱和吸湿率小于0.08‰;击穿强度基本保持在20 kV/mm以上,水煮6天泄漏电流值保持在50 μA以内,具有良好的电气强度和绝缘性能;拉伸、弯曲和剪切强度分别保持在640 MPa、1 500 MPa和130 MPa以上,力学性能保持较高水平;内部纤维及树脂基体界面粘结性较好,材料孔隙率保持在1%以内,无明显大孔隙出现。总体而言,退役芯棒的整体性能良好,具有较高的再利用价值。研究结论对实现退役芯棒的高效回收再利用具有重要的参考价值。

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关键词 ：退役复合绝缘子, 芯棒, 整体回收再利用, 性能评估, 再利用价值

Abstract：

The simple manufacturing process and high hydrophobicity of composite insulators solves the pollution flashover problem in polluted areas. Therefore, composite insulators are widely used in China’s power system. However, early composite insulators are being retired in batches. Landfill dumping, discarding, and other methods are typically used for the disposal of the retired composite insulators. This approach causes wastage of resource and harms the environment. Because of the protection of silicone rubber outer sheath, the external environment has a limited effect on the core rod. The core rod exhibits high recycling value after retirement. In order to promote the high-value utilization of retired insulator cores, the degree of performance degradation and microstructure of retired composite insulator core rods for 220 kV are investigated, and the reuse value and rapid performance evaluation methods of retired core rods are explored.
Firstly, the high-voltage, middle, and low-voltage sections of the 220 kV retired composite insulator core rods were considered. The physical, thermal, electrical and mechanical characteristics of the retired core rods were compared with those of new core rods. The results reveal that compared with new core rods, the epoxy resin matrix content of the retired core rods is only reduced by 1.31%, with no penetration phenomenon after 30 minutes of dye penetration, and saturated moisture absorption is less than 0.08‰. The physical and chemical properties remain good; The breakdown strength of retired core rods is maintained to be higher than 20 kV/mm, and the maximum leakage current is maintained within 50 μA after 6 days of boiling. These results reveal excellent electrical strength and insulation performance of the retired core rods; The tensile strength, bending strength and shear strength are kept above 640 MPa, 1 500 MPa and 130 MPa respectively, and the retired core rods still exhibit high mechanical bearing strength. Secondly, the microstructure of retired core rods was considered. The results reveal that their porosity is relatively low, with no obvious large pores. The small pores of 10 μm³ are mainly present, effectively inhibiting the development of breakdown process and water infiltration; The epoxy resin matrix and fiber interface exhibit excellent adhesion, absorbing a large amount of fracture energy during load-bearing failure, which helps to fully utilize the fiber strength and is the reason why retired core rods can still maintain high mechanical strength. Finally, by sorting the performance degradation of retired core rods, it is found that their electrical performance decreases more significantly, and the degree of performance degradation in the high-voltage section is relatively high. Therefore, electrical performance can be used as a method to quickly evaluate the value of reuse, and the middle and low voltage sections can be prioritized in the overall reuse process.
The retired core rods exhibit excellent physical and thermal properties, electrical strength, insulation performance, and mechanical bearing capacity, and have high reuse value. Priority can be given to overall reuse for electrical insulation components such as composite insulators, or for mechanical bearing components, to promote the high-value utilization of retired core rods.

Key words： Retired composite insulator core rods overall recycling performance evaluation reuse value

收稿日期: 2023-03-24

PACS:

TM21

基金资助:

中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目（20226934）

通讯作者: 刘云鹏男,1976年生,博士,教授,博士生导师。研究方向为特高压输电技术、电气设备在线检测和外绝缘。E-mail：liuyunpeng@ncepu.edu.cn

作者简介: 刘贺晨男,1989年生,博士,副教授,研究方向为环保型环氧树脂及其复合材料研制、电气设备绝缘状态评估及聚合物电树枝特性研究等。 E-mail：hc.liu@ncepu.edu.cn

引用本文:

刘贺晨, 胡如法, 刘云鹏, 李乐, 刘杰. 220 kV退役复合绝缘子芯棒整体回收再利用可行性研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 239613-239613. Liu Hechen, Hu Rufa, Liu Yunpeng, Li Le, Liu Jie. Feasibility of the Overall Recycling of 220 kV Retired Composite Insulator Core Rods. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 239613-239613.

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