电工技术学报
论文 |
基于超材料与超表面的无线电能传输技术研究现状与进展综述
荣灿灿1, 严俐慧1, 路聪慧2, 夏晨阳1, 刘明海3
1.江苏省煤矿电气与自动化工程实验室(中国矿业大学) 徐州 221110;
2.中国北方车辆研究所 北京 100000;
3.强电磁工程与新技术国家重点实验室(华中科技大学) 武汉 430074
Overview on Research Status and Progress of Wireless Power Transfer Technology Based on Metamaterials and Metasurfaces
Rong Cancan1, Yan Lihui1, Lu Conghui2, Xia Chenyang1, Liu Minghai3
1. Jiangsu Province Laboratory of Mining Electric and Automation China University of Mining And Technology Xuzhou 221110 China;
2. China North Vehicle Research Institute Beijing 100000 China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China
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摘要 

超材料与超表面通过对电磁场和电磁波的灵活调控,能够显著改善无线电能传输系统的传输特性,基于超材料与超表面的无线电能传输技术逐渐引起了国内外的广泛关注。本文首先对超材料的概念、设计以及构造进行了论述;其次对超材料介入无线电能传输系统的作用机理进行了解析,接着详细阐述了超材料在无线电能传输系统效率提升、偏移调控以及电磁屏蔽的作用;最后探讨了该技术未来发展的瓶颈问题,并进行了展望。

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荣灿灿
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关键词 无线电能传输技术超材料与超表面电磁调控综述    
Abstract

Wireless power transfer (WPT) technology has gained wide recognition in recent years due to its advantages of flexibility, reliability, and convenience. As an epoch-making technology, it can change traditional charging patterns of the energy in a great many applications, such as portable electronic devices, implanted medical devices, Internet of Things, and so forth. However, with the gradual deepening of research on WPT technology, several critical issues have been put forward, such as low power transfer efficiency, short transmission distance and electromagnetic safety problems, which seriously limit the development of practical industrial application of this technology.
Because of their unique and different electromagnetic properties, metamaterials and metasurfaces subvert several rules described by traditional electromagnetic theory and show huge potential applications in WPT field. As artificial materials composed of periodic structure units, metamaterials and metasurfaces can obtain the extraordinary physical properties not seen in natural materials. And they can significantly improve the transmission performance of WPT system through flexible regulation of electromagnetic field and electromagnetic wave. Therefore, the studies of WPT technology based on metamaterials and metasurfaces have attracted increasing attention in the world. This review paper aims to provide a holistic top-down overview on research status and progress of WPT technology based on metamaterials and metasurfaces.
Firstly, the basic conception and structural design of metamaterials and metasurfaces in WPT field are illustrated in detail. For metamaterials and metasurfaces, negative permittivity and permeability values will lead to negative refraction and evanescent wave amplification, which will improve the power transfer efficiency and increase the transfer distance of WPT system. Besides, metamaterials and metasurfaces are “transcendent” materials from the perspective of “material-structure-system”, and their engineered structure designs directly determine the electromagnetic response of incident electromagnetic wave. Therefore, various unit structures of metamaterials and metasurfaces in previously published articles are summarized. Secondly, three different theories, namely negative refraction effect theory, magnetic dipole coupling theory and magnetically induced wave theory, have been introduced to explain the mechanism for the focusing metamaterials-based WPT systems. Among these, the negative refraction effect theory is most commonly used. In addition, Fresnel transmission and reflection formulas have been described to explain the shielding metamaterial-based WPT systems. Therefore, this section provides a profound theoretical basis for this paper. Thirdly, the role of metamaterials and metasurfaces in improving the power transfer efficiency, migration regulation and electromagnetic shielding in WPT systems are expounded in detail. In contrast to already reported articles on this topic, a holistic discussion of WPT systems based on metamaterials and metasurfaces are presented in this section. Specifically, many state-of-the-art references are cited and compared. Eventually, summary and comparison of WPT systems based on matermaterials are illustrated.
Finally, the perspective and future challenges of metamaterial-based WPT systems are proposed. At present, the studies on this emerging technology for practical industrial applications are still in primary stage yet. There are many unsolved problems for metamaterial-based WPT systems, such as large loss, high operating frequency, low transfer power and weak regulatory ability. Therefore, more effort should be made to address these issues in the future. As discussed above, this paper is expected to provide significant theoretical support and design guidance for the subsequent related research.

Key wordsWireless power transfer technology    metamaterial and metasurface    electromagnetic modulation    review   
收稿日期: 2023-04-18     
PACS: TM724  
基金资助:

国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(52207019)

通讯作者: 刘明海, 男,1967年生,博士,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为工程电磁场与磁技术。E-mail:mhliu@hust.edu.cn   
作者简介: 荣灿灿, 男,1991年生,博士,讲师,硕士生导师,研究方向为无线电能传输技术与电磁超材料。E-mail:ccrong@cumt.edu.cn
引用本文:   
荣灿灿, 严俐慧, 路聪慧, 夏晨阳, 刘明海. 基于超材料与超表面的无线电能传输技术研究现状与进展综述[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 8932-. Rong Cancan, Yan Lihui, Lu Conghui, Xia Chenyang, Liu Minghai. Overview on Research Status and Progress of Wireless Power Transfer Technology Based on Metamaterials and Metasurfaces. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 8932-.
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https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.230495          https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y0/V/I/8932