碳纤维航空复合材料雷电流A分量作用后表面形貌及电阻变化

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.191561

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摘要碳纤维树脂基复合材料广泛应用于飞机制造,需要进行必要的雷电防护。该文对表面全喷铝、网格喷铝、铜网全铺和网格铜网四种表面防护形式的碳纤维复合材料及未进行表面防护的碳纤维复合材料开展了雷电流A分量直接效应雷击试验,测量了雷击前后试样表面电阻,并对各类防护形式的防雷击效果进行了对比。试验结果表明,雷击试验前,四类防护方式的碳纤维复合材料六条边表面电阻均具有对称性,各边表面电阻值均在20~40mΩ,其中网格喷铝及网格铜网防护形式的电阻大于全喷铝及铜网全铺防护形式的电阻;雷击试验后,四种防护形式的碳纤维复合材料表面电阻对称性出现明显变化,同时电阻阻值明显增大。全喷铝、铜网全铺表面防护形式的表面电阻分别增大4.7倍和4.4倍,网格喷铝及网格铜网的表面电阻分别增大0.9和1.5倍。未进行防护的碳纤维树脂基复合材料雷击损伤严重,表现为纤维断裂、树脂汽化蒸发,四类防护层均具有良好的防雷击能力,网格类防护形式防雷击性能比全防护形式差,在防护层与下层纤维接触位置的纤维出现轻微损伤。

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关键词 ：碳纤维复合材料, 表面电阻, 雷电直接效应, 金属防护层

Abstract：Carbon fiber resin matrix composites are widely used in aircraft manufacturing, which need necessary lightning protection. In this paper, the direct lightning effect tests of carbon fiber composite materials of four kinds of surface protection styles including full aluminum spraying, grid aluminum spraying, copper mesh full spraying and grid copper mesh, as well as carbon fiber composite material without surface protection, were conducted with lightning current component A. The surface resistance measurement of the four kinds of surface protection layers were carried out before and after the lightning test. The test results show that the surface resistance of carbon fiber composites with four kinds of protection layers are 20mΩ to 40mΩ before the lightning test, and they will reach to 4.7, 4.4, 0.9 and 1.5 times than that of before for full aluminum spraying, copper mesh full spraying, grid aluminum spraying and grid copper mesh. The surface morphology after the lightning test show the CFRP without protection is seriously damaged, which is manifested as fiber fracture and resin vaporization. In addition,the four kinds of protective layers have good lightning protection ability, and the performance of grid copper mesh is worse than that of full protection, where the protective layer contacts the lower fiber showing the fiber is slightly damaged.

Key words： Carbon fiber composites surface resistance lightning direct effect metal protective layer

收稿日期: 2019-11-20

PACS:	TM22
	TM83

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(51807144)

通讯作者: 蔡力男,1987 年生,博士,副教授,研究方向为雷电防护、探测与定位技术,高电压试验技术。E-mail:caili@whu.edu.cn

作者简介: 王建国男,1968年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为雷电防护与接地技术、高电压绝缘与测试技术。E-mail:wjg@whu.edu.cn

引用本文:

王建国, 单飞, 周蜜, 樊亚东, 蔡力. 碳纤维航空复合材料雷电流A分量作用后表面形貌及电阻变化[J]. 电工技术学报, 2020, 35(zk2): 596-602. Wang Jianguo, Shan Fei, Zhou Mi, Fan Yadong, Cai Li. Surface Morphology and Resistance Change of Carbon Fiber Aeronautical Composites after Lightning Current Component A. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2020, 35(zk2): 596-602.

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https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.191561 https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y2020/V35/Izk2/596

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