电动汽车驱动用内置式永磁同步电机直交轴电感参数计算与实验研究

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摘要准确计算电动汽车驱动用内置式永磁同步电机工作点电感参数L_d、L_q，对电机性能的预判以及高精度控制非常关键。驱动用内置式永磁同步电机转子上无自起动笼型条，有限元带载起动计算困难，本文通过确定带额定负载起动时转子初始位置，实现了30kW样机有限元带额定负载起动以及负载饱和磁场计算，为样机负载工作点电感参数准确求解提供计算基础。在永磁同步电机电感计算理论的基础上，分别采用忽略交叉饱和影响的有限元法以及冻结磁导率法计算了样机电感参数。并对30kW样机电感参数采用静态交流实验法进行了实验测量。通过对比，忽略交叉饱和影响的电感参数计算值与静态实测电感值相吻合，采用冻结磁导率法计算的q轴电感值比静态实测q轴电感值减小了20.5%，冻结磁导率法计算的d轴电感值比静态实测d轴电感值增大了38.1%。说明忽略交叉饱和影响有限元法可以准确计算样机的静态不饱和电感参数，但负载时样机磁路交叉饱和效应严重，此时采用考虑交叉饱和影响的冻结磁导率法计算样机电感参数更为准确。

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关键词 ：内置式永磁同步电机, 电感参数, 有限元, 冻结磁导率法

Abstract：In order to predict the performance of an IPMSM for electric vehicles,the d-axis and q-axis inductance at the operating point are very important to calculate accurately for high precision control. The driving IPMSM has not the self-starting cage bar in rotor,because of the load starting calculation difficulty by FEM,and the rotor initial position are determined at rated load starting. A 30kW prototype rated load starting are calculated by FEM,and the results provide the calculation basis for load point inductance calculation. Based on the PMSM inductance calculation theoretical analysis,ignoring cross saturation effects FEM and fixed permeability method (FPM) are respectively adopted in the d-axis and q-axis inductance calculation for the prototype. The 30kW prototype is measured by the still AC method. By comparing the analysis,ignoring cross saturation effects calculation results and the experimental values is consistent,but the q-axis inductance FPM calculation results reduced 20.5% than the measured values,the d-axis inductance FPM calculation results increased 38.1% than the measured values. The prototype static unsaturated inductance parameters can be accurately calculated by FEM ignoring cross saturation effects,but the prototype magnetic circuit cross saturation effects is serious at load point,and the FPM can calculate the prototype inductance parameters more accurately at the operating point.

Key words： Interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) inductance parameters FEM fixed permeability method (FPM)

收稿日期: 2014-04-24 出版日期: 2015-01-22

PACS:

TM315

基金资助:国家自然科学基金重点资助项目（51177135）。

作者简介: 符荣女，1977年生，博士，讲师，研究方向为永磁同步电机设计及控制。窦满峰男，1967年生，教授，博士生导师，主要从事稀土永磁电机及控制技术方面的研究。

引用本文:

符荣，窦满峰. 电动汽车驱动用内置式永磁同步电机直交轴电感参数计算与实验研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2014, 29(11): 30-37. Fu Rong,Dou Manfeng. D-axis and Q-axis Inductance Calculation and Experimental Research on Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors for EV. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2014, 29(11): 30-37.

链接本文:

http://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y2014/V29/I11/30

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