多目标组合双向拍卖的多微网电-碳-绿证耦合交易方法

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.251574

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摘要该文针对多微网系统电-碳-绿证多市场衔接过程中存在的市场交易公平和极端报价等问题,提出一种电-碳-绿证耦合交易方法。在日前阶段,构建多目标双向组合拍卖模型,各微网以买-卖双向参与主体向运营商投标,以多微网整体社会福利最大化和电量、碳排放权、绿证数量的中标量最大化为多目标,以双向组合拍卖供需平衡为等式约束,以抑制操纵的价格边界为不等式约束,获得多微网总体各类中标结果。在日内阶段,建立多微网电-碳-绿证交易优化的混合整数线性运行优化模型,将中标结果计入成本函数,以多微网运行成本最小为目标,调度各微网运行。算例表明,碳-绿证互认后的双向拍卖,提升了多微网系统内部中标量,减少了较高成本的外系统交易量;多微网间的优化运行使新能源消纳得到显著提升,系统总成本降低,促进可再生能源与储能的结合和应用。电-碳-绿证多市场耦合交易模式适用于低碳市场过渡期,可提升市场参与度与交易公平性,有利于微电网低碳高效运行。

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	黄婧杰
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关键词 ：微电网, 多微网, 双向组合拍卖, 碳交易, 绿证, 电-碳-绿证, 多市场, 碳排放权

Abstract：Coordinated low-carbon operation of multi-microgrid (MMG) systems increasingly requires joint participation in electricity trading, carbon emission trading (CET), and green certificate trading (GCT). In practice, fragmented attribute accounting and strategic extreme bidding may reduce renewable accommodation and weaken transaction fairness. A coupled electricity-carbon-green certificate trading framework was developed to improve market linkage and promote low-carbon benefits sharing among multiple microgrids (MGs). A two-stage market-and-operation framework was established. In the day-ahead stage, each MG acted as both buyer and seller and submitted sealed bids for electricity, carbon allowances, and green certificates to a microgrid operator (MGO). A multi-objective combinatorial double auction (CDA) clearing model was formulated to (i) maximize MMG social welfare and (ii) maximize total winning quantities across the three commodities. Auction balance constraints were enforced, and price boundary constraints were imposed to mitigate extreme bids. The multi-objective problem was solved using fuzzy membership-based satisfaction aggregation to obtain a single compromise clearing outcome. To couple CET and GCT, a carbon-green certificate mutual-recognition method was introduced by mapping renewable attributes into carbon compliance credits based on the Chinese Certified Emission Reduction (CCER) mechanism, enabling consistent settlement between certificates and carbon allowances. In the intraday stage, MG operation was optimized using mixed-integer linear programming (MILP). Day-ahead cleared quantities and settlejianshments were embedded in the cost function, while controllable generators, energy storage, and flexible loads were dispatched to minimize operating cost under forecast errors. Residual imbalances in electricity, allowances, and certificates were settled via external markets. Compared with a baseline without coupled internal trading, the proposed framework increased renewable accommodation and reduced emissions by reallocating renewable surplus through internal transactions and by aligning environmental attributes with compliance incentives. After enabling carbon-green certificate mutual recognition, additional cost reductions were achieved for renewable-rich MGs, while renewable-deficit MGs improved renewable accommodation by 514 kW·h and 472.5 kW·h with corresponding emission reductions of 274.8 kg and 389.2 kg. The auction objective choice affected equity and coverage: welfare-only clearing minimized cost and emissions, volume-only clearing expanded transaction scale but increased marginal peak-hour reliance, and the proposed multi-objective rule balanced efficiency and participation. Under the multi-objective rule, the winning volume of MG4 decreased by 244.66 kW·h while that of MG5 increased by 1 097.8 kW·h, indicating improved allocation balance. A price-bounded multi-objective CDA coupled with intraday MILP dispatch enhances renewable accommodation, lowers emissions, and improves participation equity for MMG systems engaged in electricity-carbon-green certificate co-trading. Carbon-green mutual recognition provides a practical linkage that strengthens low-carbon incentives during transitional policy periods.

Key words： Microgrid multi-microgrid two-way combination auction carbon trading green certificate electricity-carbon-green certificate multi-market carbon emission rights

收稿日期: 2025-09-09

PACS:	TM732
	F42

基金资助:国家重点研发项目（2024YFE0202600）、国家自然科学基金（72342001, U25A20387）、湖南省自然科学基金（2025JJ10009, 2025QK1004, 2025RC9010）和电网防灾减灾全国重点实验室项目（CSUST-SKL202501）资助

通讯作者: 袁亮男,1994年生,博士,讲师,硕士生导师,研究方向为新能源并网稳定性与控制、综合能源系统等。E-mail：liang.yuan@csu.edu.cn

作者简介: 黄婧杰女,1990年生,博士,副教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为电力系统优化运行、综合能源系统等。E-mail：jingjie.huang@csust.edu.cn

引用本文:

黄婧杰, 袁亮, 谢宇峥, 杨洪明. 多目标组合双向拍卖的多微网电-碳-绿证耦合交易方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2026, 41(19): 6664-6678. Huang Jingjie, Yuan Liang, Xie Yuzheng, Yang Hongming. Multi-Objective Combinatorial Double Auction for Coupled Electricity-Carbon-Green Certificate Trading in Multi-Microgrid Systems. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2026, 41(19): 6664-6678.

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