Abstract：With the intelligent transformation and upgrading of power grids, higher requirements have been put forward for the analysis and maintenance of power system operation status. As an important part of the power grid, power transmission and transformation equipment may cause unpredictable losses in case of failure. Knowledge Graph describes concepts, entities and their relationships in the objective world in a structured form, providing a tool for better organizing, managing and understanding information from different sources and structures, so the introduction of knowledge in transmission and transformation equipment management and troubleshooting is conducive for professionals to quickly locate fault information and make effective decisions. To effectively integrate the scattered knowledge related to power transmission and transformation and improve the quality of knowledge graph construction of power transmission and transformation equipment faults, this paper carried out the knowledge graph construction based on the relevant specification manuals of power transmission and transformation, and further improves the entity-relationship extraction algorithm. Existing entity-relationship extraction methods in the power field ignore the connection between triples and have problems of weak text representation, vague entity localization, and low accuracy of classification of long-tail relationships. In response to the above, this paper proposed a joint entity-relationship extraction model based on the improved set prediction network (ISPN). The set prediction network (SPN) is used to model the overall triples, which introduces unsupervisSed contrast learning to BERT encoder for enhanced text representation. The enhanced text representation is then fed into a decoder to guide triple queries to learn potential triple features in the text. The triple queries contain global and boundary features to capture information at different scales. The prediction triples are obtained by the feed forward neural network. In order to improve the performance of entity boundary identification, this paper proposes to use boundary regression algorithm to model the boundary offset of entities, which uses decoder output features to predict the start and end index offset of head and tail entities firstly, then the candidate triples are obtained according to the binary matching algorithm, finally correct the entity boundaries according to the boundary regression formulae, and also use the boundary loss instead of the cross-entropy loss in total loss. In the relationship classification stage, cost-sensitive learning is introduced to balance the losses of different types of triples, and the classification accuracy of long-tail relationships is improved by assigning larger loss weights to long-tail relationships as well as those with high misclassification rates to facilitate the model to effectively learn the features of long-tailed relationships. The redesigned binary matching loss is used to model the difference between the predicted set and the true set and optimize the model training. A knowledge graph was constructed based on the proposed model ISPN on a real transmission and substation equipment fault dataset. The precision, recall and F1 score of the entity-relationship extraction experiments are improved by 3.9, 5.3 and 4.6 percentage points over the model, respectively. The constructed knowledge graph is stored and visualized using the Neo4j graph database, in which the structured stored fault information can provide support for subsequent fault processing and decision analysis.
阎光伟, 张云馨, 符哲源, 焦润海. 基于改进集合预测网络的输变电设备故障知识图谱构建方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2025, 40(15): 4976-4987.
Yan Guangwei, Zhang Yunxin, Fu Zheyuan, Jiao Runhai. The Construction Method of Fault Knowledge Graph for Transmission and Transformation Equipment Based on Improved Set Prediction Network. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2025, 40(15): 4976-4987.
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